2022-05-04 アルゴンヌ国立研究所(ANL)
米国エネルギー省（DOE）アルゴンヌ国立研究所の研究チームは、ネオンガスを極低温で固体化し、電球のフィラメントから電子を固体上に吹き付け、そこに電子を1個閉じ込めることで形成した新しい量子ビットプラットフォームを作成したと、Nature誌に発表しました。このシステムは、将来の量子コンピュータの理想的な構成要素として開発されることが期待される。
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.anl.gov/article/the-quest-for-an-ideal-quantum-bit
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04539-x
固体量子ビットプラットフォームとしての固体ネオン上の単一電子 Single electrons on solid neon as a solid-state qubit platform
Xianjing Zhou,Gerwin Koolstra,Xufeng Zhang,Ge Yang,Xu Han,Brennan Dizdar,Xinhao Li,Ralu Divan,Wei Guo,Kater W. Murch,David I. Schuster & Dafei Jin
Nature Published: 04 May 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04539-x
Abstract
Progress towards the realization of quantum computers requires persistent advances in their constituent building blocks—qubits. Novel qubit platforms that simultaneously embody long coherence, fast operation and large scalability offer compelling advantages in the construction of quantum computers and many other quantum information systems1,2,3. Electrons, ubiquitous elementary particles of non-zero charge, spin and mass, have commonly been perceived as paradigmatic local quantum information carriers. Despite superior controllability and configurability, their practical performance as qubits through either motional or spin states depends critically on their material environment3,4,5. Here we report our experimental realization of a qubit platform based on isolated single electrons trapped on an ultraclean solid neon surface in vacuum6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13. By integrating an electron trap in a circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture14,15,16,17,18,19,20, we achieve strong coupling between the motional states of a single electron and a single microwave photon in an on-chip superconducting resonator. Qubit gate operations and dispersive readout are implemented to measure the energy relaxation time T1 of 15 μs and phase coherence time T2 over 200 ns. These results indicate that the electron-on-solid-neon qubit already performs near the state of the art for a charge qubit21.
