2023-10-09 米国国立再生可能エネルギー研究所(NREL)
◆米国のオフショア風力の現在の役割は研究不足であり、今回の分析はその重要性を強調している。将来の脱炭素化計画におけるオフショア風力の役割を理解するためには、政策、技術コスト、送電、設置などのさまざまな要因を考慮する必要があり、地域間の連携も不可欠とされている。オフショア風力は、米国の電力供給に重要な役割を果たす可能性があるが、多くの不確実性が残る課題が存在する。
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.nrel.gov/news/press/2023/nrel-analysis-identifies-drivers-of-offshore-wind-deployment.html
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-023-01364-y
米国の脱炭素化における洋上風力の役割を理解するため、モデル化シナリオを拡大 Expanded modelling scenarios to understand the role of offshore wind in decarbonizing the United States
Philipp Beiter,Trieu Mai,Matthew Mowers & John Bistline
Nature Energy Published:09 October 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-023-01364-y
Abstract
An assessment of decarbonization pathways in energy models reveals fundamental limitations in representing factors that are relevant for practical decision-making. Although these modelling limitations are widely acknowledged, their impact on the deployment of individual power generation types is not well understood. As a result, the societal value from such generation types could be vastly misrepresented. Here we explore a wide spectrum of factors that impact offshore wind deployment in the United States using a detailed capacity expansion model. Many factors prescribe a large future role for offshore wind, yet this diverges from what models often show. We extend the typically narrow modelling context through high spatial resolution, several cost and transmission possibilities and various energy-sector policies. We estimate offshore wind to constitute 1–8% (31–256 gigawatts) of total US generation by 2050. This wide range suggests an uncertain but potentially important regional role. Our expansive scenarios demonstrate how to address many limitations of decarbonization modelling.
