害虫の個体数動態は大陸の越冬勾配と関係がある
Pest population dynamics are related to a continental overwintering gradient
Douglas Lawton, Anders S Huseth, George G Kennedy, Amy C Morey, William D Hutchison, Dominic D Reisig, Seth Dorman, DeShae Dillard, Robert C Venette, Russell L Grove, John J Adamczyk, Izailda Barbosa Dos Santos, Tracey Baute, Sebe Brown, Eric Burkness, Ashley Dean, Galen P Dively, Helene B Doughty, Shelby J Fleischer, Jessica Green, Jeremy K Greene, Krista Hamilton, Erin Hodgson, Thomas Hunt, David Kerns, Billy Rogers Leonard, Sean Malone, Fred Musser, David Owens, John C Palumbo, Silvana Paula-Moraes, Julie A Peterson, Ricardo Ramirez, Silvia I. Rondon, Abby Seaman, Tracy L Schilder, Lori Spear, Scott D Stewart, Sally Taylor, Tyler Towles, Celeste Welty, Joanne Whalen, Robert Wright, Marion Zuefle
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Published: Sept. 6, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2203230119
Significance
The expansion of pest ranges due to climate change will threaten global agriculture. Winter soil temperature is known to limit pest persistence at higher latitudes. However, few studies have connected overwintering success of soil-dwelling insects with long-term population datasets to investigate how climate change may affect pests’ distributions and population dynamics in the future. Here, we present models demonstrating how greater overwintering survival may expand the range of a serious insect pest. We also highlight the need for projected soil temperature data based on climate change scenarios. To ensure sustainable agricultural production, it is imperative that insect pest range shifts are anticipated to develop solutions that mitigate crop loss in expansion areas.
Abstract
Overwintering success is an important determinant of arthropod populations that must be considered as climate change continues to influence the spatiotemporal population dynamics of agricultural pests. Using a long-term monitoring database and biologically relevant overwintering zones, we modeled the annual and seasonal population dynamics of a common pest, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), based on three overwintering suitability zones throughout North America using four decades of soil temperatures: the southern range (able to persist through winter), transitional zone (uncertain overwintering survivorship), and northern limits (unable to survive winter). Our model indicates H. zea population dynamics are hierarchically structured with continental-level effects that are partitioned into three geographic zones. Seasonal populations were initially detected in the southern range, where they experienced multiple large population peaks. All three zones experienced a final peak between late July (southern range) and mid-August to mid-September (transitional zone and northern limits). The southern range expanded by 3% since 1981 and is projected to increase by twofold by 2099 but the areas of other zones are expected to decrease in the future. These changes suggest larger populations may persist at higher latitudes in the future due to reduced low-temperature lethal events during winter. Because H. zea is a highly migratory pest, predicting when populations accumulate in one region can inform synchronous or lagged population development in other regions. We show the value of combining long-term datasets, remotely sensed data, and laboratory findings to inform forecasting of insect pests.
