2022-11-10 オークリッジ国立研究所(ORNL)
ナノリアクターの材料は、化学的に最適化された多孔質活性炭で、ナノスケールで水素を閉じ込めることができ、華氏-27.7度という高い熱安定性を有している。研究チームは、HCの形成を促進するために純粋な液体の水を使用した。その結果、従来の水素製造に必要な圧力よりも30%低い圧力で、わずか数分間で水のほぼ100%が水素に変換されることが確認された。
<関連情報>
- https://www.ornl.gov/news/nanoreactor-grows-hydrogen-storage-crystals
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-33674-2
狭隘なナノ空間における水素クラスレートハイドレートの高速・高効率生成 Rapid and efficient hydrogen clathrate hydrate formation in confined nanospace
Judit Farrando-Perez,Rafael Balderas-Xicohtencatl,Yongqiang Cheng,Luke Daemen,Carlos Cuadrado-Collados,Manuel Martinez-Escandell,Anibal J. Ramirez-Cuesta & Joaquin Silvestre-Albero
Nature Communications Published:10 October 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33674-2
Abstract
Clathrate hydrates are crystalline solids characterized by their ability to accommodate large quantities of guest molecules. Although CH4 and CO2 are the traditional guests found in natural systems, incorporating smaller molecules (e.g., H2) is challenging due to the need to apply higher pressures to stabilize the hydrogen-bonded network. Another critical limitation of hydrates is the slow nucleation and growth kinetics. Here, we show that specially designed activated carbon materials can surpass these obstacles by acting as nanoreactors promoting the nucleation and growth of H2 hydrates. The confinement effects in the inner cavities promote the massive growth of hydrogen hydrates at moderate temperatures, using pure water, with extremely fast kinetics and much lower pressures than the bulk system.