北極海の氷が溶けることで、国際水域に新しい貿易ルートが生まれ、海運業界の二酸化炭素排出量を削減し、北極海を通る貿易ルートに対するロシアの支配力を弱める可能性があることが、研究で明らかになりました。 Melting ice in the Arctic Ocean could yield new trade routes in international waters, reducing the shipping industry’s carbon footprint and weakening Russia’s control over trade routes through the Arctic, a study found.
2022-06-22 ブラウン大学
＜関連情報＞
北極圏の海洋アクセスにおける氷と法の相互作用 The interaction of ice and law in Arctic marine accessibility
Amanda H. Lynch, Charles H. Norchi, and Xueke Li
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Published:June 21, 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2202720119
Abstract
Sea ice levies an impost on maritime navigability in the Arctic, but ice cover diminution due to anthropogenic climate change is generating expectations for improved accessibility in coming decades. Projections of sea ice cover retreating preferentially from the eastern Arctic suggest key provisions of international law of the sea will require revision. Specifically, protections against marine pollution in ice-covered seas enshrined in Article 234 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea have been used in recent decades to extend jurisdictional competence over the Northern Sea Route only loosely associated with environmental outcomes. Projections show that plausible open water routes through international waters may be accessible by midcentury under all but the most aggressive of emissions control scenarios. While inter- and intraannual variability places the economic viability of these routes in question for some time, the inevitability of a seasonally ice-free Arctic will be attended by a reduction of regulatory friction and a recalibration of associated legal frameworks.
