量子コンピュータの基礎知識、主要な量子アルゴリズムの解説、公開されている量子コンピュータへの実装方法を深く掘り下げたガイドブック Deep-diving guide explains the basics, surveys major quantum algorithms and steps through implementing them on publicly available quantum computers
2022-06-14 アメリカ・ロスアラモス国立研究所(LANL)
A new guide to programming quantum algorithms walks programmers through every step, from theory to implementing the algorithms on IBM’s publicly available 5-qubit ibmqx4 quantum computer and others. Credit: Dreamstime
本書では、データベース検索などの「Groverのアルゴリズム」や整数の因数分解を行う「Shorのアルゴリズム」など、有名で基礎的な量子アルゴリズムを含む20の量子アルゴリズムについて、簡潔で独立したセクションで解説しています。本書では、これらのアルゴリズムをIBMの5量子ビット量子コンピュータIBMQX4などで実装し、実世界と結びつけて解説しています。それぞれのケースで、実装の結果について議論し、シミュレータと実際のハードウェアの実行の違いについて説明しています。
＜関連情報＞
初心者のための量子アルゴリズム実装講座 Quantum Algorithm Implementations for Beginners
Abhijith J.,Adetokunbo Adedoyin,John Ambrosiano,Petr Anisimov,William Casper,Gopinath Chennupati,Carleton Coffrin,Hristo Djidjev,David Gunter,Satish Karra,Nathan Lemons,Shizeng Lin,Alexander Malyzhenkov,David Mascarenas,Susan Mniszewski,Balu Nadiga,Daniel O’Malley,Diane Oyen,Scott Pakin,Lakshman Prasad,Randy Roberts,Phillip Romero,Nandakishore Santhi,Nikolai Sinitsyn,Pieter J. Swart,James G. Wendelberger,Boram Yoon,Richard Zamora,Wei Zhu,Stephan Eidenbenz,Andreas Bärtschi,Patrick J. Coles,Marc Vuffray,Andrey Y. Lokhov
ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing Online:28 March 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1145/3517340
Abstract
As quantum computers become available to the general public, the need has arisen to train a cohort of quantum programmers, many of whom have been developing classical computer programs for most of their careers. While currently available quantum computers have less than 100 qubits, quantum computing hardware is widely expected to grow in terms of qubit count, quality, and connectivity. This review aims to explain the principles of quantum programming, which are quite different from classical programming, with straightforward algebra that makes understanding of the underlying fascinating quantum mechanical principles optional. We give an introduction to quantum computing algorithms and their implementation on real quantum hardware. We survey 20 different quantum algorithms, attempting to describe each in a succinct and self-contained fashion. We show how these algorithms can be implemented on IBM’s quantum computer, and in each case, we discuss the results of the implementation with respect to differences between the simulator and the actual hardware runs. This article introduces computer scientists, physicists, and engineers to quantum algorithms and provides a blueprint for their implementations.
