新たな高みへの挑戦(Hitting New Heights)~人工・生物を問わず、既知のジャンパーの中で最も高い跳躍を達成(A device developed the tallest height of any known jumper, engineered or biological)~

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ホークス研究室で開発された装置が、人工・生物を問わず、既知のジャンパーの中で最も高い跳躍を達成した A device developed in the Hawkes Lab achieves the tallest height of any known jumper, engineered or biological

2022-04-27 カリフォルニア大学サンタバーバラ校(UCSB)

カリフォルニア大学サンタバーバラ校のエリオット・ホークス教授と共同研究者が開発した機械式ジャンパーは、これまでの工学的・生物学的ジャンパーの中で最も高い約30メートルの高さを達成することができます。この成果は、ジャンプ装置の設計に新たなアプローチをもたらし、運動能力の一形態であるジャンプについての理解を深めるものです。

<関連情報>

工学的ジャンパーは、仕事の掛け算によって生物学的限界を克服する Engineered jumpers overcome biological limits via work multiplication

Elliot W. Hawkes,Charles Xiao,Richard-Alexandre Peloquin,Christopher Keeley,Matthew R. Begley,Morgan T. Pope & Günter Niemeye
Nature  Published: 27 April 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04606-3

新たな高みへの挑戦(Hitting New Heights)~人工・生物を問わず、既知のジャンパーの中で最も高い跳躍を達成(A device developed the tallest height of any known jumper, engineered or biological)~

The Hawkes Lab’s jumper maximizes the force of the jump with a big spring, while minimizing mass and drag

Photo Credit: COURTESY IMAGE

 

Abstract

For centuries, scientists have explored the limits of biological jump height1,2, and for decades, engineers have designed jumping machines3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18 that often mimicked or took inspiration from biological jumpers. Despite these efforts, general analyses are missing that compare the energetics of biological and engineered jumpers across scale. Here we show how biological and engineered jumpers have key differences in their jump energetics. The jump height of a biological jumper is limited by the work its linear motor (muscle) can produce in a single stroke. By contrast, the jump height of an engineered device can be far greater because its ratcheted or rotary motor can ‘multiply work’ during repeated strokes or rotations. As a consequence of these differences in energy production, biological and engineered jumpers should have divergent designs for maximizing jump height. Following these insights, we created a device that can jump over 30 metres high, to our knowledge far higher than previous engineered jumpers and over an order of magnitude higher than the best biological jumpers. Our work advances the understanding of jumping, shows a new level of performance, and underscores the importance of considering the differences between engineered and biological systems.

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