2026-09-29 スタンフォード大学
＜関連情報＞
- https://news.stanford.edu/stories/2026/09/california-microplastics-policy
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1878679/full
- https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2309822
マイクロプラスチック汚染対策とワンヘルス：カリフォルニア州の法制度を事例とした批判的視点 Microplastic pollution policy and one health: a critical perspective on California legislation as a case study
Amelia M. Meyer,Chloe F. Smith,Kara Meister,Angelle Desiree LaBeaud,Sarina Patel
Frontiers in Environmental Science Published:06 August 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1878679
Abstract
Microplastic pollution threatens interconnected human, animal, and environmental health, disrupting ecosystem services and bioaccumulating through food webs. This critical perspective paper examines microplastic regulation through a One Health lens, using California as a case study to trace policy evolution from narrow microbead bans to comprehensive plastic governance. We categorize global regulatory responses into three tiers: product-specific microbead prohibitions, broader plastic waste controls, and systems-level governance incorporating monitoring and health protections. California illustrates this progression, beginning with the 2015 Plastic Microbeads Nuisance Prevention Law and advancing through drinking water standards, health assessments, and producer responsibility frameworks. Comparative analysis reveals that One Health framing supports broader regulatory ambition by growing stakeholder engagement and justifying expanded scope beyond environmental protection alone. Despite progress, critical gaps persist in product coverage, enforcement capacity, and integration across jurisdictions. Early microbead bans established legal precedents that now enable more comprehensive controls under emerging frameworks like the United Nations (UN) Plastics Treaty. To strengthen global microplastic governance, the recommended approach includes standardized definitions, cross-sector collaboration, and scalable source reduction. This synthesis demonstrates how subnational innovation can inform international policy while highlighting the necessity of One Health approaches to address plastic pollution’s transboundary health impacts.
動脈硬化と心血管イベントにおけるマイクロプラスチックとナノプラスチック Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Atheromas and Cardiovascular Events
Raffaele Marfella, M.D., Ph.D., Francesco Prattichizzo, Ph.D., Celestino Sardu, M.D., Ph.D., Gianluca Fulgenzi, Ph.D., Laura Graciotti, Ph.D., Tatiana Spadoni, Ph.D., Nunzia D’Onofrio, Ph.D., +35 , and Giuseppe Paolisso, M.D.
The New England Journal of Medicine Published March 6, 2024
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2309822
Abstract
Background
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are emerging as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease in preclinical studies. Direct evidence that this risk extends to humans is lacking.
Methods
We conducted a prospective, multicenter, observational study involving patients who were undergoing carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery disease. The excised carotid plaque specimens were analyzed for the presence of MNPs with the use of pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, stable isotope analysis, and electron microscopy. Inflammatory biomarkers were assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical assay. The primary end point was a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from any cause among patients who had evidence of MNPs in plaque as compared with patients with plaque that showed no evidence of MNPs.
Results
A total of 304 patients were enrolled in the study, and 257 completed a mean (±SD) follow-up of 33.7±6.9 months. Polyethylene was detected in carotid artery plaque of 150 patients (58.4%), with a mean level of 21.7±24.5 μg per milligram of plaque; 31 patients (12.1%) also had measurable amounts of polyvinyl chloride, with a mean level of 5.2±2.4 μg per milligram of plaque. Electron microscopy revealed visible, jagged-edged foreign particles among plaque macrophages and scattered in the external debris. Radiographic examination showed that some of these particles included chlorine. Patients in whom MNPs were detected within the atheroma were at higher risk for a primary end-point event than those in whom these substances were not detected (hazard ratio, 4.53; 95% confidence interval, 2.00 to 10.27; P<0.001).
Conclusions
In this study, patients with carotid artery plaque in which MNPs were detected had a higher risk of a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from any cause at 34 months of follow-up than those in whom MNPs were not detected. (Funded by Programmi di Ricerca Scientifica di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05900947.)
