水素貯蔵に新たな可能性を示す中国製バッテリーを開発 （New Chinese Battery Offers Fresh Hope for Hydrogen Storage）

2026-05-15 中国科学院（CAS）

＜関連情報＞

• https://english.cas.cn/newsroom/cas-in-media/202605/t20260515_1159461.shtml
• https://www.cell.com/joule/abstract/S2542-4351(26)00159-5

気体固体水素化物イオン電池と水素・電気共貯蔵システム A gas-solid hydride ion battery and a hydrogen-electricity co-storage system

Shangshang Wang ∙ Weijin Zhang ∙ Liping Yang ∙ … ∙ Wanjun Li ∙ Rui Cai ∙ Ping Chen
Joule  Published:May 13, 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2026.102475

Graphical abstract

Context & scale

The hydride ion (H⁻), with the highest electron density and the largest polarizability per unit mass in nature, enables the construction of electrochemical processes distinctly different from existing cation-mediated systems, holding great promise for triggering major technological advances in the fields of energy storage and chemical conversion. Among these, rechargeable all-solid-state H⁻ batteries (HIBs) have attracted considerable attention because of their unique characteristics, including being metal-dendrite-free, possessing high theoretical capacity, offering great potential for wide temperature operation, utilizing abundant hydrogen resources, and being environmentally friendly. Using H₂ as the active material of an electrode, namely, the gas-solid HIB (g-HIB), can significantly improve capacity and energy density. More importantly, it provides a brand-new electrochemical pathway for high-capacity chemical hydrogen storage at room temperature and ambient pressure. This goal has remained elusive for over 60 years and is the present bottleneck for the large-scale utilization of hydrogen energy. This work demonstrates the first g-HIB Mg|3CeH₃@BaH₂|H₂, which achieves a high capacity of 1,526 mAh/g, good cycling performance, and a wide operating temperature range (−20°C to 90°C). A novel hydrogen-electricity co-storage system is proposed by coupling this g-HIB with a secondary battery. Compared with other hydrogen storage technologies, this co-storage system delivers high hydrogen energy efficiency and may find great uses in mobile or stationary hydrogen utilization scenarios.

Highlights

• The first gas-solid hydride ion battery based on the Mg-H₂ system was constructed
• It exhibits an initial capacity of 1,526 mAh/g and maintains >70% after 60 cycles
• A hydrogen-electricity co-storage system is proposed
• This co-storage system achieves a high hydrogen energy efficiency of 93.9%

Summary

Significant progress has been made in materials development for hydride ion (H⁻) conduction and H⁻-mediated electrochemical devices. However, a gas-solid H⁻ battery (g-HIB) that utilizes H₂ and metals as the active materials of the electrodes and offers the potential for high capacity and energy density has yet to be developed. Here, a typical metal-hydrogen system, Mg-H₂, is employed to build such a g-HIB. Experimental results validate that hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of the anode lead to electric energy output and input, respectively, in the Mg|3CeH₃@BaH₂|H₂ developed. This g-HIB exhibits an initial capacity of 1,526 mAh/g and maintains a capacity retention of over 70% after 60 cycles. It operates effectively across a wide temperature range of −20°C to 90°C. The integration of this g-HIB with a secondary ion battery could create a novel hydrogen-electricity co-storage system that can be applied to hydrogen-electricity powertrains of fuel cell vehicles or drones to deliver a high hydrogen energy efficiency of 93.9%.