振動エネルギーで動く小さなパワーコンバーター(These Tiny Power Converters Run on Vibrational Energy)

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2024-02-20 カリフォルニア大学サンディエゴ校(UCSD)

振動エネルギーで動く小さなパワーコンバーター(These Tiny Power Converters Run on Vibrational Energy)
Die photograph of the proposed piezoelectric converter, credit: UC San Diego

カリフォルニア大学サンディエゴ校とCEA-Letiの科学者が、全ての電源スイッチを1つのチップに統合する革新的な圧電ベースのDC-DCコンバーターを開発しました。この新しい電力トポロジーは、既存のトポロジーを超え、圧電コンバーターの利点を容量ベースのDC-DCコンバーターと融合させています。開発された電力コンバーターは、現在の役割に使用されている大型かつかさばるインダクターよりもはるかに小さく、将来的にはスマートフォンからコンピューター、サーバーファーム、AR/VRヘッドセットまで、あらゆる種類のDC-DC変換に使用される可能性があります。

<関連情報>

圧電共振器を用いた20~2.2VのDC-DCコンバータで310%の損失低減を達成 An Integrated Dual-side Series/Parallel Piezoelectric Resonator-based 20-to-2.2V DC-DC Converter Achieving a 310% Loss Reduction

Wen-Chin Brian Liu; Gaël Pillonnet; Patrick P. Mercier
2024 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference  Date of Conference: 18-22 February 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSCC49657.2024.10454471

Abstract

Piezoelectric resonators (PRs) have recently emerged as an attractive substitute for inductors to process energy in DC-DC converters, due to their low-volume planar formfactors, superior volume/frequency scaling capabilities, very high Q, ability to be batch fabricated at low cost, and integration potential directly into Si (Fig. 8.6.1 top left) [1–3]. The baseline PR converter described in the literature [1] (Fig. 8.6.1, top right), achieves high efficiency by operating the PR in the inductive region and enabling zero-voltage switching (ZVS) and soft-charging of the PR’s junction capacitor, Cp. However, as shown in Fig. 8.6.1 (bottom left), the PR’s utilization factor, K, is maximal at a voltage conversion ratio (VCR) of 0.5, and falls off rapidly at lower VCRs [1]. At the lower VCRs demanded by many modern DC-DC applications (e.g., VCR<0.1), the PR mostly circulates current within itself, leading to a high peak resonant current, IL,PR(pk), high PR vibration losses, and poor efficiency. Recent art has suggested adopting a hybrid switched-capacitor (SC) / PR-based structure, where the SC network provides part of the voltage conversion to allow for the PR to operate with a higher K and to distribute the voltage drop across low-voltage transistors [4, 5]. However, such prior art only includes a single flying capacitor, which limits the optimal conversion ratio to only 0.25 to 0.33. Importantly, no IC-based PR converter has been demonstrated in the literature to date, and no work has reported operation at low voltage outputs with a high step-down ratio (e.g., Vip>10V, V0<2V).

0403電子応用
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