NASAのX線望遠鏡、幽霊のような宇宙の手の “骨 “を発見(NASA X-ray Telescopes Reveal the “Bones” of a Ghostly Cosmic Hand)

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2023-10-30 NASA

◆1895年にWilhelm RöntgenがX線を発見し、医学の診断ツールとして使用された。今、NASAの2つのX線宇宙望遠鏡が協力して、宇宙にある手の形をした構造の磁場を明らかにし、これは崩壊した星からの粒子の噴出によって生き続ける中性子星の振る舞いを示している。中性子星は強力な磁場を持つパルサーを形成し、極端な物理学の実験室を提供する。
◆最新のIXPE望遠鏡は、パルサー風星雲を観測し、磁場のマップを提供し、粒子の振る舞いを解明しています。これにより、パルサーが高エネルギー粒子の加速器として機能する方法についての洞察が得られました。

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偏光した宇宙の手:PSR B1509-58/MSH15-52のIXPEによる観測 The Polarized Cosmic Hand: IXPE Observations of PSR B1509−58/MSH 15−52

Roger W. Romani, Josephine Wong, Niccoló Di Lalla, Nicola Omodei, Fei Xie, C.-Y. Ng, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, Alessandro Di Marco, Niccoló Bucciantini, Maura Pilia, Patrick Slane, Martin C. Weisskopf, Simon Johnston, Marta Burgay, Deng Wei, Yi-Jung Yang, Shumeng Zhang, Lucio A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Fiamma Capitanio, Simone Castellano, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Chien-Ting Chen, Nicoló Cibrario, Stefano Ciprini, Enrico Costa, Alessandra De Rosa, Ettore Del Monte, Laura Di Gesu, Immacolata Donnarumma, Victor Doroshenko, Michal Dovčiak, Steven R. Ehlert, Teruaki Enoto, Yuri Evangelista, Sergio Fabiani, Javier A. Garcia, Shuichi Gunji, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Jeremy Heyl, Wataru Iwakiri, Ioannis Liodakis, Philip Kaaret, Vladimir Karas, Dawoon E. Kim, Takao Kitaguchi, Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak, Henric Krawczynski, Fabio La Monaca, Luca Latronico, Grzegorz Madejski, Simone Maldera, Alberto Manfreda, Frédéric Marin, Andrea Marinucci, Alan P. Marscher, Herman L. Marshall, Francesco Massaro, Giorgio Matt, Riccardo Middei, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Fabio Muleri, Michela Negro, Stephen L. O’Dell, Chiara Oppedisano, Luigi Pacciani, Alessandro Papitto, George G. Pavlov, Matteo Perri, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Pierre-Olivier Petrucci, Andrea Possenti, Juri Poutanen, Simonetta Puccetti, Brian D. Ramsey, John Rankin, Ajay Ratheesh, Oliver J. Roberts, Carmelo Sgró, Paolo Soffitta, Gloria Spandre, Douglas A. Swartz, Toru Tamagawa, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Roberto Taverna, Yuzuru Tawara, Allyn F. Tennant, Nicholas E. Thomas, Francesco Tombesi, Alessio Trois, Sergey Tsygankov, Roberto Turolla, Jacco Vink, Kinwah Wu, and Silvia Zane
The Astrophysical Journal  Published 2023 October 23
DOI:10.3847/1538-4357/acfa02

NASAのX線望遠鏡、幽霊のような宇宙の手の “骨 “を発見(NASA X-ray Telescopes Reveal the “Bones” of a Ghostly Cosmic Hand)

Abstract

We describe IXPE polarization observations of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) MSH 15−52, the “Cosmic Hand.” We find X-ray polarization across the PWN, with B-field vectors generally aligned with filamentary X-ray structures. High-significance polarization is seen in arcs surrounding the pulsar and toward the end of the “jet,” with polarization degree PD > 70%, thus approaching the maximum allowed synchrotron value. In contrast, the base of the jet has lower polarization, indicating a complex magnetic field at significant angle to the jet axis. We also detect significant polarization from PSR B1509−58 itself. Although only the central pulse phase bin of the pulse has high individual significance, flanking bins provide lower-significance detections and, in conjunction with the X-ray image and radio polarization, can be used to constrain rotating vector model solutions for the pulsar geometry.

1701物理及び化学
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