2026-06-16 チャルマース工科大学
＜関連情報＞
- https://news.cision.com/chalmers/r/biocide-free-antifouling-paint-performs-best-against-fouling,c4362302
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389426005789
レジャーボート用防汚塗料の持続可能性ランキング – 有効性と環境影響のバランス Sustainability ranking of antifouling coatings for leisure boats – Balancing efficacy and environmental impact
Maria Lagerström, Florane Le Bihanic, Laura Veensalu, Rémy Boisserie-Gimenez, Lola Racofier, Ann I. Larsson, Marcel Butschle, Gwendolina Limon, Xavier Cousin, Kai Bester, Jérôme Cachot
Journal of Hazardous Materials Available online: 26 February 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141600
Highlights
- Sustainability assessment of seven antifouling coatings for leisure boats.
- Combined field efficacy, environmental risk modeling and ecotoxicity testing.
- Biocide-free silicone coating ranked most sustainable with low toxicity.
- Tralopyril-based coating exhibited high toxicity and environmental risk.
- Copper coatings met environmental risk criteria only at one of three study sites.
Abstract
Antifouling coatings are widely used on leisure boats to prevent biofouling, yet their environmental impacts vary significantly depending on formulation. This study systematically evaluated seven commercial antifouling products, including five copper-based coatings (with varying cuprous oxide content), one tralopyril-based coating and one biocide-free silicone foul-release coating. The evaluation included three complementary approaches: field-based efficacy testing, environmental risk assessment (ERA) modeling and ecotoxicological assays. Field trials were conducted over six months at three European coastal sites (Skagerrak, Kattegat and Atlantic) to assess the antifouling performance. Biocide release rates were quantified using X-ray Fluorescence and used to model environmental risks in accordance with EU guidelines. Acute toxicity of leachates was tested on four marine species (Aliivibrio fischeri, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Artemia salina larvae and Oryzias melastigma larvae). The biocide-free silicone coating ranked highest in sustainability, combining strong antifouling efficacy with minimal acute toxicity. The copper-based coatings typically showed comparable efficacy at all sites despite differences in copper release but some only passed ERA thresholds in one of the sites (Atlantic). Lower copper content formulations generally exhibited reduced environmental impact. The tralopyril-based coating, despite being marketed as “environmentally safe”, demonstrated the highest toxicity and environmental risk. These findings highlight the need for environmental assessment of antifouling products to validate environmental safety claims and to promote lower impact formulations. While ERA modeling is suitable for biocidal products, ecotoxicological testing remains essential for biocide-free alternatives. Improved and standardized leaching protocols are needed to better reflect real-world conditions and support sustainable product development.
