裏庭と商業養鶏場のサルモネラ菌率を比較する研究(Study Compares Salmonella Rates in Backyard, Commercial Poultry Farm Samples)

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2024-04-23 ノースカロライナ州立大学(NCState)

ノースカロライナ州立大学の研究者たちは、大小異なる養鶏場でのサルモネラの発生率を比較し、大規模な商業養鶏場でのサルモネラの発生が小規模な家庭養鶏場よりも多いことを発見しました。また、家庭養鶏場では抗生物質が使用されていないにも関わらず、両方の養鶏場で多剤耐性のサルモネラが見られました。この研究は、養鶏場の規模に関わらず、サルモネラの拡散についての理解を深めるのに役立つかもしれません。また、家庭養鶏場でも商業養鶏場と同程度に多剤耐性サルモネラが確認されたことから、安全対策が必要であるとされています。

<関連情報>

米国南東部における裏庭および商業ブロイラー生産システムからの多剤耐性サルモネラ血清型におけるメガプラスミドの播種 Megaplasmid Dissemination in Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Serotypes from Backyard and Commercial Broiler Production Systems in the Southeastern United States

Jessica L. Parzygnat, Rocio Crespo, Mary Fosnaught, Muhammed Muyyarrikkandy, Dawn Hull, Lyndy Harden, and Siddhartha Thakur
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease  Published:18 April 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0181

Abstract

Over the past decade, there has been a rise in U.S. backyard poultry ownership, raising concern for residential area antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) Salmonella contamination. This study aims to lay the groundwork to better understand the persistence of AMR Salmonella in residential broiler production systems and make comparisons with commercial systems. Ten backyard and 10 commercial farms were sampled at three time points across bird production. Both fecal (n = 10) and environmental (soil, n = 5, litter/compost, n = 5, feeder, and waterer swabs, n = 6) samples were collected at each visit on days 10, 31, and 52 of production for backyard farms and days 10, 24, and 38 of production for commercial farms. AMR Salmonella was characterized phenotypically by broth microdilution and genotypically by whole-genome sequencing. Overall, Salmonella was more prevalent in commercial farm samples (52.31%) over backyard farms (19.10%). Kentucky (sequence type (ST) 152) was the most common serotype found in both backyard and commercial farms. Multidrug-resistant (MDR, resistance to ≥3 or more antimicrobial classes) isolates were found in both production systems, while ciprofloxacin- and nalidixic acid-resistant and intermediate isolates were more prevalent in commercial (33%) than backyard samples (1%). Plasmids that have been associated with MDR were found in Kentucky and Infantis isolates, particularly IncFIB(K)_1_Kpn3 megaplasmid (Infantis). Our study emphasizes the need to understand the selection pressures in disseminating megaplasmids in MDR Salmonella in distinct broiler production systems.

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