2026-05-15 九州大学
気象衛星ひまわり８号によって観測された2022年12月の黄砂。赤色が飛来する黄砂を表しています。中国東部を東進する黄砂の様子が捉えられています。
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.kyushu-u.ac.jp/ja/researches/view/1472
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231025005199
2022年12月に発生した、冬季にアジアで発生した稀な砂塵嵐の背景にある要因 Factors behind the rare winter Asian sand and dust storm in December 2022
Yukari Hara, Yoshitaka Jin, Atsushi Shimizu, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Keiya Yumimoto
Atmospheric Environment Available online: 12 September 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121544
Highlights
- A rare winter dust storm in December 2022 was clarified by integrated data analysis.
- The meteorological mechanism was the same as for spring sand and dust storms.
- The strong winds in December 2022 were increased by an extratropical cyclone.
- The negative snow cover anomaly also caused the unusual winter sand and dust storms.
- The negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation corresponded well with winter dust storm.
Abstract
In December 2022, Japan experienced its first rare winter sand and dust storm (SDS) in 10 years. In this study, the structure and mechanism of dust generation in December 2022 were clarified based on the dust prediction model, ground-based dust observations, satellite data, and atmospheric reanalysis data. The winter SDS was caused by strong surface winds associated with an extratropical cyclone passing over the Gobi Desert on December 11, 2022; the meteorological mechanism was the same as that for spring SDSs. The negative snow cover anomaly over the source region and the synoptic factors causing the unusual winter SDS were identified by using the satellite data and the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts fifth-generation global climate reanalysis (ERA5). Usually, the strong wind frequency in the Gobi Desert in December is low because of a stable cold winter high, whereas in 2022, the frequency was clearly increased. Based on the anomaly and composite analysis of the geopotential height at 500 hPa, the characteristics of the winter SDS years were identified as westward displacement of the Siberian High and the weakening of Aleutian Low over the North Pacific Ocean. The negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation corresponded well with winter SDS years, especially since 2000, suggesting that favorable synoptic conditions for winter SDSs were formed during this negative phase.
