耐性に優れた大豆の育種は、試験地の選択にかかっているかもしれない(Breeding more resilient soybeans may come down to test site selection)

2024-04-10

2024-04-09 イリノイ大学アーバナ・シャンペーン校

大豆の育種者は、複数の場所で新しい品種を試験し、最良の品種を選択して育種と商業化を進めている。しかし、イリノイ大学アーバナ・シャンペーン校の新しい研究では、現在の試験場所が育種者に最大の利益をもたらしていない可能性があることが示唆されている。研究チームは、気候データと大豆試験の記録を分析し、試験場所の適切な配置を戦略化するための新しい地図を開発した。新しいマップは、従来の環境と環境の変動の両方を重視し、将来的により強靭な品種を選択するための基準として活用できる可能性がある。

＜関連情報＞

ダイズ品種のマルチ環境試験の代表性を向上させるための農業生態学的ゾーンの利用
Using agro-ecological zones to improve the representation of a multi-environment trial of soybean varieties

Catherine Gilbert,Nicolas Martin
Frontiers in Plant Science Published:25 March 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1310461

This research introduces a novel framework for enhancing soybean cultivation in North America by categorizing growing environments into distinct ecological and maturity-based zones. Using an integrated analysis of long-term climatic data and records of soybean varietal trials, this research generates a zonal environmental characterization which captures major components of the growing environment which affect the range of adaptation of soybean varieties. These findings have immediate applications for optimizing multi-environment soybean trials. This characterization allows breeders to assess the environmental representation of a multi-environmental trial of soybean varieties, and to strategize the distribution of testing and the placement of test sites accordingly. This application is demonstrated with a historical scenario of a soybean multi-environment trial, using two resource allocation models: one targeted towards improving the general adaptation of soybean varieties, which focuses on widely cultivated areas, and one targeted towards specific adaptation, which captures diverse environmental conditions. Ultimately, the study aims to improve the efficiency and impact of soybean breeding programs, leading to the development of cultivars resilient to variable and changing climates.