2024-01-08 ハーバード大学
◆この研究は、リチウムメタル陽極を備えた固体電池の新しい製造方法を示すだけでなく、これらの革新的なバッテリーに使用される材料についての新たな理解も提供しています。リチウムメタル陽極バッテリーは電気自動車の駆動距離を飛躍的に向上させる可能性があり、産業および商業用途向けのより実用的な固体電池に向けた重要な一歩となります。
＜関連情報＞
- https://seas.harvard.edu/news/2024/01/solid-state-battery-design-charges-minutes-lasts-thousands-cycles
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-023-01722-x
固体電池のリチウム金属を摩擦に強い負極材料で高速充電化 Fast cycling of lithium metal in solid-state batteries by constriction-susceptible anode materials
Luhan Ye,Yang Lu,Yichao Wang,Jianyuan Li & Xin Li
Nature Materials Published:08 January 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-023-01722-x
Abstract
Interface reaction between lithium (Li) and materials at the anode is not well understood in an all-solid environment. This paper unveils a new phenomenon of constriction susceptibility for materials at such an interface, the utilization of which helps facilitate the design of an active three-dimensional scaffold to host rapid plating and stripping of a significant amount of a thick Li metal layer. Here we focus on the well-known anode material silicon (Si) to demonstrate that, rather than strong Li–Si alloying at the conventional solid–liquid interface, the lithiation reaction of micrometre-sized Si can be significantly constricted at the solid–solid interface so that it occurs only at thin surface sites of Si particles due to a reaction-induced, diffusion-limiting process. The dynamic interaction between surface lithiation and Li plating of a family of anode materials, as predicted by our constrained ensemble computational approach and represented by Si, silver (Ag) and alloys of magnesium (Mg), can thus more homogeneously distribute current densities for the rapid cycling of Li metal at high areal capacity, which is important in regard to solid-state battery application.
