エネルギーのブレイクスルー: 技術研究者が新しいタイプの燃料電池を開発(An Energy Breakthrough: Tech Researchers Create New Type of Fuel Cell)

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2023-04-05 ミシガン工科大学

エネルギーのブレイクスルー: 技術研究者が新しいタイプの燃料電池を開発(An Energy Breakthrough: Tech Researchers Create New Type of Fuel Cell)Ultrafast ionic conduction in a carbonate-superstructured solid fuel cell created by Michigan Tech researchers.

技術研究者が新しいタイプの燃料電池を作成しました。従来の燃料電池の酸化物イオンの伝送の遅さに対する超高速な代替案を発見し、炭化水素燃料を直接使用することで効率と性能を向上させることができます。
この新しい炭酸塩超構造固体燃料電池(CSSFC)は、燃料が柔軟で、他の種類の燃料電池よりも低い運転温度でより高い耐久性とエネルギー変換効率を提供します。

<関連情報>

炭化水素燃料を使用した炭酸ガス超構造固体燃料電池 Carbonate-superstructured solid fuel cells with hydrocarbon fuels

Hanrui Su, Wei Zhang, and Yun Hang Hu
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences  Published:October 3, 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2208750119

Significance

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a promising energy conversion system due to their high energy efficiency and fuel flexibility. Lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs can minimize material degradation and enable the use of less expensive materials. However, both electrolyte and electrode resistances increase exponentially with decreasing operation temperature. This work demonstrates a carbonate-superstructured solid fuel cell (CSSFC) by in situ generating superstructured carbonate on the surface of porous electrolyte and the interface between electrodes and electrolyte, dramatically enhancing the oxygen ion conductivity and power density with hydrocarbon fuels at lower operating temperatures.

Abstract

A basic requirement for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is the sintering of electrolyte into a dense impermeable membrane to prevent the mixing of fuel and oxygen for a sufficiently high open-circuit voltage (OCV). However, herein, we demonstrate a different type of fuel cell, a carbonate-superstructured solid fuel cell (CSSFC), in which in situ generation of superstructured carbonate in the porous samarium-doped ceria layer creates a unique electrolyte with ultrahigh ionic conductivity of 0.17 S⋅cm−1 at 550 °C. The CSSFC achieves unprecedented high OCVs (1.051 V at 500 °C and 1.041 V at 550 °C) with methane fuel. Furthermore, the CSSFC exhibits a high peak power density of 215 mW⋅cm−2 with dry methane fuel at 550 °C, which is higher than all reported values of electrolyte-supported SOFCs. This provides a different approach for the development of efficient solid fuel cells.

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