トゥーリングパターンを制御した水処理膜の作製技術を開発(Researchers Develop Controllable Turing-Patterned Membranes for Water Treatment)

2026-10-15 中国科学院(CAS)

中国科学院近代物理研究所の研究チームは、水処理性能を高めるため、表面に規則的な凹凸構造を持つポリアミド製ナノろ過膜を、制御性よく製造する新手法を開発した。ナノろ過膜は、廃水再利用、汽水の軟化、工業用水処理などに利用されるが、従来は透水性を高めると分離選択性が低下しやすいという課題があった。研究チームは、重イオン照射と化学エッチングで作製した均一な細孔を持つ膜を利用し、膜形成時の熱移動と反応・拡散の相互作用を制御することで、チューリングパターンと呼ばれる周期的な凹凸構造を形成した。ナノ粒子やポリマー添加剤を必要とせず、構造の形状や特徴寸法を調節できる理論モデルも構築した。最適化した膜は、ビスフェノールAや抗菌薬ノルフロキサシンなど、代表的な有機微量汚染物質5種を98%以上除去し、168時間の連続ろ過でも安定した性能と防汚性を示した。本技術は、飲料水の安全確保、産業排水処理、廃水資源回収に向けた高性能分離膜の開発につながる。

トゥーリングパターンを制御した水処理膜の作製技術を開発(Researchers Develop Controllable Turing-Patterned Membranes for Water Treatment)
Schematic of the nanopore-mediated reaction-diffusion-thermal coupling strategy for fabricating Turing-patterned polyamide nanofiltration membranes. (Image from IMP)

<関連情報>

ナノポアを介した反応・拡散・熱結合により、有機微量汚染物質除去のためのチューリングパターン型ナノろ過膜が実現 Nanopore-mediated reaction–diffusion–thermal coupling enables Turing-patterned nanofiltration membranes for organic micropollutant removal

Mengling Fang, Xuanlin Li, Xin Huang, Jiao Tang, Qizhong Zhang, Xuanxuan Wu, Xiuwen Yang, Haizhou Xue, Jing Bai, Jinglai Duan, Jie Liu, Huijun Yao
Chemical Engineering Journal  Available online: 29 September 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.182548

Highlights

  • A locally enhanced interfacial polymerization strategy exploits coupled monomer diffusion and thermal transport to induce spontaneous Turing pattern formation, identifying thermal transport as an intrinsic long-range regulator of reaction-diffusion instability.
  • A thermally coupled reaction-diffusion framework reveals that diffusion contrast governs Turing pattern morphology, whereas the absolute rates of coupled mass and thermal transport determine characteristic feature size.
  • The resulting Turing-patterned polyamide membranes mitigate the permeability-selectivity trade-off, achieving a water permeance of 9.11 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 together with 99.67% Na2SO4 rejection, efficient organic micropollutant removal, and favorable antifouling stability.

Abstract

Conventional polyamide nanofiltration (PA-NF) membranes fabricated by interfacial polymerization (IP) generally develop disordered nodular morphologies because of diffusion-limited reaction kinetics, resulting in an inherent permeability-selectivity trade-off. Here, a thermally coupled, nanopore-mediated IP strategy enables the controllable fabrication of Turing-patterned PA nanofiltration membranes. By integrating the intrinsically exothermic nature of IP with the discrete nanopores of ion-track-etched PET substrates, interfacial monomer availability and spatially non-uniform heat transport are coupled during membrane formation. The resulting concentration–thermal transport coupling is theoretically described within a Turing-type framework, generating ridge-valley architectures with tunable characteristic feature sizes. A thermally coupled reaction-diffusion (TCRD) model derived from the classical activator-substrate framework, together with numerical simulations, reveals that diffusion contrast governs pattern morphology, whereas the absolute rates of mass and thermal transport determine characteristic feature size. Regulating substrate pore size, monomer concentration, and reaction time enables precise control over membrane architecture. The optimized membrane exhibits a highly crosslinked, negatively charged selective layer with an effective molecular-sieving cut-off of 320 Da, achieving a water permeance of 9.11 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, 99.67% Na2SO4 rejection, efficient organic micropollutant removal, and favorable antifouling performance. This work establishes a TCRD framework for engineering self-organized interfacial architectures through coupled mass and thermal transport.

1102水質管理
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