通常圧力下で超伝導温度の新記録を達成（Superconducting Temperature Record Set at Ordinary Pressures）

2026-06-22 アルゴンヌ国立研究所（ANL）

Schematic of a sample in a diamond anvil cell showing superconducting temperature before compression, under high pressure and after pressure release. The pressure-quench process leaves the sample with a higher superconducting temperature at ambient pressure. (Image by University of Houston.)

＜関連情報＞

• https://www.anl.gov/article/superconducting-temperature-record-set-at-ordinary-pressures
• https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2536178123
• https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-66262-1

圧力急冷によるHgBa₂Ca₂Cu₃O₈⁺δにおける常圧151K超伝導 Ambient-pressure 151-K superconductivity in HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ via pressure quench

Liangzi Deng, Thacien Habamahoro, Artin Safezoddeh, +9 , and Ching-Wu Chu
Proceedings of the National Academy of Society  Published:March 9, 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2536178123

Significance

The pressure-quench protocol (PQP) demonstrated here establishes a paradigm for stabilizing at ambient pressure the high-pressure–induced/–enhanced metastable phases that host elevated superconducting transition temperatures, an effective way to achieve record ambient-pressure high-temperature superconductivity. Its applicability extends well beyond superconductivity: PQP provides a powerful route to preserve quantum states that exist only under extreme conditions initially, making them accessible to advanced experimental probes—including a wide range of microscopic spectroscopies—under ambient environments. This capability opens pathways to investigate previously inaccessible physical phenomena and bridges the gap between fundamental discoveries and practical technologies. Moreover, PQP represents a nonequilibrium strategy for uncovering novel states, including those absent not only at ambient pressure but even within the high-pressure regime originally.

Abstract

Superconductivity has been a vigorously researched topic since its discovery in 1911. Raising the superconducting transition temperature (T_c) has been the main driving force behind such long-sustained efforts due to its potential for impacting humanity and the fundamental knowledge gained from understanding this macroscopic coherent quantum state at high temperatures. The successful development of high-T_c superconductivity will make possible extraordinarily efficient generation, delivery, and utilization of energy and could also enable the development of controlled fusion while impacting other burgeoning fields like quantum computation and quantum electronics. However, progress has been hindered by a longstanding plateau in the record ambient-pressure T_c, unchanged since 1993. Subsequent significant advancements in T_c have been achieved only under high pressures, preventing the realization of superconductivity’s full potential. To directly address this challenge, we developed a pressure-quench protocol (PQP) to stabilize pressure-induced/-enhanced superconducting states at ambient pressure. Here, we achieve a record ambient-pressure T_c of 151 K in the cuprate HgBa₂Ca₂Cu₃O_8+δ via PQP. The experimental results are further supported by synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements and phonon and electronic structure calculations. This breakthrough opens avenues for stabilizing and exploring ambient-pressure high-T_c superconducting states and other quantum states that have been previously only accessible under pressure, paving the way for deeper understanding and practical applications of high-T_c superconductivity and beyond.

超伝導超水素化物(La,Y)H10のX線回折および電気輸送イメージング X-ray-diffraction and electrical-transport imaging of superconducting superhydride (La,Y)H10

Abdul Haseeb Manayil Marathamkottil,Kui Wang,Nilesh P. Salke,Muhtar Ahart,Alexander C. Mark,Rostislav Hrubiak,Stella Chariton,Dean Smith,Vitali B. Prakapenka,Maddury Somayazulu,Nenad Velisavljevic & Russell J. Hemley
Nature Communications  Published:18 December 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-66262-1

Abstract

Understanding how microscopic structural domains govern macroscopic electronic properties is central to advancing hydride superconductors, yet such correlations remain poorly resolved under pressure. We report the synthesis and characterization of (La_0.9Y_0.1)H₁₀ superhydrides exhibiting coexisting cubic Fm3^–m and hexagonal P6₃/mmc clathrate phases observed over the pressure range from 168 GPa down to 136 GPa. Using synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction imaging at the upgraded Advanced Photon Source, we spatially resolved μm-scale distributions of these phases, revealing structural inhomogeneity across the sample. Four-probe resistance measurements confirmed superconductivity with two distinct transitions: an onset at 244 K associated with the cubic phase and a second near 220 K linked to the hexagonal phase. Notably, resistance profiles collected from multiple current and voltage permutations showed variations in transition width and onset temperature that correlated with the spatial phase distribution. These findings demonstrate a direct connection between local structural domains and superconducting behavior.