津波検知に効果的な光ファイバーケーブル(Fiber optic cables effective way to detect tsunamis)

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2024-02-13 ミシガン大学

ミシガン大学の研究者によると、海底に敷設された光ファイバーケーブルは、現在の津波の早期警告システムとして機能するブイよりも費用対効果の高い、より包括的な代替手段を提供できる可能性があります。これは、DARTと呼ばれるシステムが、津波を監視する特殊なブイから成っており、これらのブイは津波の監視を行うものです。現在、米国海洋大気庁が監督しており、これらのブイの設置には約50万ドルかかり、年間の維持費にはさらに30万ドルかかります。しかし、光ファイバーケーブルを使用することで、これらの費用を大幅に削減できる可能性があります。

<関連情報>

水中分散型音響センシングによる地震波・津波波の検出 Detection of Earthquake Infragravity and Tsunami Waves With Underwater Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Han Xiao, Zack J. Spica, Jiaxuan Li, Zhongwen Zhan
Geophysical Research Letters  Published: 26 January 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106767

津波検知に効果的な光ファイバーケーブル(Fiber optic cables effective way to detect tsunamis)

Abstract

Underwater Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) utilizes optical fiber as a continuous sensor array. It enables high-resolution data collection over long distances and holds promise to enhance tsunami early warning capabilities. This research focuses on detecting infragravity and tsunami waves associated with earthquakes and understanding their origin and dispersion characteristics through frequency-wavenumber domain transformations and beamforming techniques. We propose a velocity correction method based on adjusting the apparent channel spacing according to water depth to overcome the challenge of detecting long-wavelength and long-period tsunami signals. Experimental results demonstrate the successful retrieval of infragravity and tsunami waves using a subsea optical fiber in offshore Oregon. These findings underscore the potential of DAS technology to complement existing infragravity waves detection systems, enhance preparedness, and improve response efforts in coastal communities. Further research and development in this field are crucial to fully utilize the capabilities of DAS for enhanced tsunami monitoring and warning systems.

Key Points

  • We try to use subsea Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) to improve early warning systems for infragravity and tsunami waves
  • The research focuses on detecting infragravity and tsunami waves triggered by earthquakes
  • We have developed a method to detect long-wavelength tsunami signals by adjusting sensor spacing according to water depth

Plain Language Summary

Subsea Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) uses optical fiber as an extensive sensor array for strain data collection over long distances. This study investigates its potential to augment infragravity waves warning systems by focusing on detecting infragravity waves and tsunamis induced by earthquakes. We developed a methodology that accounts for irregular sensor depths to enhance the detection of long-wavelength tsunamis. Our experimental validation demonstrates the successful detection of these waves through a subsea optical fiber. Therefore, this technology holds promise for fortifying existing infragravity waves warning systems and improving coastal preparedness.

1702地球物理及び地球化学
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