天文学者ら、希少な超新星爆発における未知の星塵源を発見(Astronomers uncover previously unknown source of star dust in rare supernova explosion)

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2024-02-12 カーディフ大学

国際チームの天文学者によって、Ia型超新星で新しく焼き上げられた星の塵の最初の明確な証拠が観測されました。この超新星は、爆発後の最初の3年間に監視され、約3億光年先の渦巻銀河に存在し、これまで記録された中で最も多くの塵を生み出す超新星の1つであるとチームは主張しています。彼らの発見は、惑星の元素とされる宇宙物質の微粒子の全く新しい源を明らかにし、最終的に宇宙全体で岩石惑星やさらには生命の構成要素となると考えられています。

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SNIa-CSM 2018evtの恒星周囲2環境に新たに形成されたダスト Newly Formed Dust within the Circumstellar 2 Environment of SNIa-CSM 2018evt

Lingzhi 灵芝 Wang王,Maokai Hu,Lifan Wang,Yi 轶 Yang 杨,Jiawen Yang,Haley Gomez,Sijie Chen,Lei Hu,Ting-Wan Chen,Jun Mo,Xiaofeng Wang,Dietrich Baade,Peter Hoeflich,J. Craig Wheeler,Giuliano Pignata,Jamison Burke,Daichi Hiramatsu,D. Andrew Howell,Curtis McCully,Craig Pellegrino,Lluís Galbany,Eric Y. Hsiao,David J. Sand,Jujia Zhang,… Xinghan Zhang
Nature Astronomy  Published:09 February 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02197-9

天文学者ら、希少な超新星爆発における未知の星塵源を発見(Astronomers uncover previously unknown source of star dust in rare supernova explosion)

Abstract

Dust associated with various stellar sources in galaxies at all cosmic epochs remains a controversial topic, particularly whether supernovae play an important role in dust production. We report evidence of dust formation in the cold, dense shell behind the ejecta–circumstellar medium (CSM) interaction in the Type Ia-CSM supernova (SN) 2018evt three years after the explosion, characterized by a rise in mid-infrared emission accompanied by an accelerated decline in the optical radiation of the SN. Such a dust-formation picture is also corroborated by the concurrent evolution of the profiles of the Hα emission line. Our model suggests enhanced CSM dust concentration at increasing distances from the SN as compared to what can be expected from the density profile of the mass loss from a steady stellar wind. By the time of the last mid-infrared observations at day +1,041, a total amount of 1.2 ± 0.2 × 10−2M of new dust has been formed by SN 2018evt, making SN 2018evt one of the most prolific dust factories among supernovae with evidence of dust formation. The unprecedented witness of the intense production procedure of dust may shed light on the perceptions of dust formation in cosmic history.

1701物理及び化学
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