市場出荷可能な肉牛は低投入飼料で60日間も肉質を維持するという研究結果が明らかに(Study reveals that market-ready beef cattle maintain meat quality on low-input diets for as long as 60 days)

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2024-06-18 バージニア工科大学(VirginiaTech)

バージニア工科大学の研究によると、市場出荷可能な肉牛は低コストの維持食を長期間与えられても、肉質と収量を維持できることが明らかになりました。この発見は、市場の不確実性や処理の遅延が生じた際に、牛を長期間飼育しなければならない畜産業者にとって有益です。COVID-19パンデミックの初期、多くの肉加工業者が操業停止や縮小を余儀なくされ、牛肉生産者は牛を長期間飼育するリスクを負いました。この研究では、アンガス交雑種の肉牛16頭を対象に、60日間飼料または穀物食を与えました。その結果、両方の食事群で肉質に有意な差はなく、食事戦略の柔軟性が示されました。これにより、畜産業者は市場状況に応じた計画と管理が可能となります。

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市場出荷可能な去勢牛に低投入飼料を長期給与した場合の筋可塑性と肉質の発達を判定する Determining muscle plasticity and meat quality development of low-input extended fed market-ready steers

Jordan C Wicks, Alexis L Wivell, Mariane Beline, Morgan D Zumbaugh, Jocelyn S Bodmer, Con-Ning Yen, Chantal Johnson-Schuster, Thomas B Wilson, Scott P Greiner, Sally E Johnson …
Translational Animal Science  Published:02 May 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txae064

市場出荷可能な肉牛は低投入飼料で60日間も肉質を維持するという研究結果が明らかに(Study reveals that market-ready beef cattle maintain meat quality on low-input diets for as long as 60 days)

Abstract

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic, which ultimately led to many meat processors temporarily shutting down or reducing processing capacity. This backlog in processing capacity forced many feedlots to retain cattle for longer periods of time and assume the risk of major market fluctuations. The aim of this study was to understand how a dietary insult affects meat quality and muscle metabolism in market-ready steers (590 kg). Sixteen market-ready (590 kg) commercial Angus crossbred steers were subjected to a maintenance diet of either forage or grain for 60 d. Longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle samples were collected immediately postmortem and processed for characteristics reflecting the underlying muscle fiber type and energy state of the tissue. Despite cattle being subjected to a 60-d feeding period, there were no detectable differences (P > 0.05) in carcass characteristics, color of lean, or ultimate pH (pHu). Moreover, our data show that muscle plasticity is rather resilient, as reflected by lack of significance (P > 0.05) in oxidative and glycolytic enzymes, myosin heavy chain isoforms (MyHC), myoglobin, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contents. These data show that market-ready steers are capable of withstanding a low-input feeding strategy up to 60 d without dramatically impacting underlying muscle characteristics and meat quality development.

Lay Summary

In March of 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The increased need for social distancing forced many meat processors to shut down or reduce processing capacity to stem plant outbreaks. Beef producers across the industry were left to shoulder the financial burden of retained ownership and assume the risk of major market fluctuations. Although global pandemics are the exception rather than the rule, fluctuations in the markets still occur that cause operations to sell cattle at inopportune times. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the resilience in low-input feeding strategies of market-ready steers (590 kg) so operations have more flexibility in marketing their assets. This study found muscle is rather resilient to dietary insult as carcass quality and yield were largely uninfluenced despite being subjected to low-input maintenance diets of either forage or grain for 60 d.

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