地球温暖化が世界の計時に影響(Global Warming Is Influencing Global Timekeeping)

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2024-03-28 カリフォルニア大学サンディエゴ校(UCSD)

地球の回転速度変化に関する論文によると、地球温暖化が世界の時間管理に問題をもたらしている可能性がある。コンピュータネットワークの時間同期に影響を与える負の閏秒が近い将来必要になるかもしれない。極地の氷の融解と地球の液体コアの動きが回転速度に影響を与えており、地球温暖化がこの変化を加速させている。負の閏秒が2028年に必要になるかもしれないが、地球温暖化の影響で3年遅れている。

<関連情報>

地球温暖化が先送りする世界的な計時問題 A global timekeeping problem postponed by global warming

Duncan Carr Agnew
Nature  Published:27 March 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07170-0

地球温暖化が世界の計時に影響(Global Warming Is Influencing Global Timekeeping)

Abstract

The historical association of time with the rotation of Earth has meant that Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) closely follows this rotation1. Because the rotation rate is not constant, UTC contains discontinuities (leap seconds), which complicates its use in computer networks2. Since 1972, all UTC discontinuities have required that a leap second be added3. Here we show that increased melting of ice in Greenland and Antarctica, measured by satellite gravity4,5, has decreased the angular velocity of Earth more rapidly than before. Removing this effect from the observed angular velocity shows that since 1972, the angular velocity of the liquid core of Earth has been decreasing at a constant rate that has steadily increased the angular velocity of the rest of the Earth. Extrapolating the trends for the core and other relevant phenomena to predict future Earth orientation shows that UTC as now defined will require a negative discontinuity by 2029. This will pose an unprecedented problem for computer network timing and may require changes in UTC to be made earlier than is planned. If polar ice melting had not recently accelerated, this problem would occur 3 years earlier: global warming is already affecting global timekeeping.

1702地球物理及び地球化学
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