ダイヤモンド量子センサーがニューロンの活動を測定(Diamond quantum sensors measure neuron activity)

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2023-12-08 デンマーク工科大学(DTU)

◆脳疾患の初期症状が現れる前に、脳組織で微細な変化が起こります。これらの変化を調査し、新たな洞察と効果的な治療法を提供するため、科学者たちはダイヤモンド内の微小な欠陥を利用し、神経細胞が通信する際に生成される弱い磁場を測定する手法を開発しました。
◆NVセンターと呼ばれる色の中心を使用し、これにより組織への侵入が不要であり、非侵襲的な方法で脳組織からの信号を検出できます。この手法はまだ初期段階ですが、磁場変化を測定するために特殊な機器が不要で、生きた組織からの測定に適しています。

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ダイヤモンド量子センサーを用いた脳神経細胞の電気活動の微視的磁気記録Microscopic-scale magnetic recording of brain neuronal electrical activity using a diamond quantum sensor

Nikolaj Winther Hansen,James Luke Webb,Luca Troise,Christoffer Olsson,Leo Tomasevic,Ovidiu Brinza,Jocelyn Achard,Robert Staacke,Michael Kieschnick,Jan Meijer,Axel Thielscher,Hartwig Roman Siebner,Kirstine Berg-Sørensen,Jean-François Perrier,Alexander Huck & Ulrik Lund Andersen
Scientific Reports  Published:31 July 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39539-y

ダイヤモンド量子センサーがニューロンの活動を測定(Diamond quantum sensors measure neuron activity)

Abstract

Quantum sensors using solid state qubits have demonstrated outstanding sensitivity, beyond that possible using classical devices. In particular, those based on colour centres in diamond have demonstrated high sensitivity to magnetic field through exploiting the field-dependent emission of fluorescence under coherent control using microwaves. Given the highly biocompatible nature of diamond, sensing from biological samples is a key interdisciplinary application. In particular, the microscopic-scale study of living systems can be possible through recording of temperature and biomagnetic field. In this work, we use such a quantum sensor to demonstrate such microscopic-scale recording of electrical activity from neurons in fragile living brain tissue. By recording weak magnetic field induced by ionic currents in mouse corpus callosum axons, we accurately recover signals from neuronal action potential propagation while demonstrating in situ pharmacology. Our sensor allows recording of the electrical activity in neural circuits, disruption of which can shed light on the mechanisms of disease emergence. Unlike existing techniques for recording activity, which can require potentially damaging direct interaction, our sensing is entirely passive and remote from the sample. Our results open a promising new avenue for the microscopic recording of neuronal signals, offering the eventual prospect of microscopic imaging of electrical activity in the living mammalian brain.

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