2023-04-12 カリフォルニア大学サンタバーバラ校(UCSB)
彼が主導したこの研究によると、鳥類や哺乳類の生物多様性を増加させることがわかった。火災による植物生産性の消費は、一時的に植物を食べる動物の食物供給に影響を与えるが、長期的には適応や新しい種の形成を引き起こす可能性がある。
火災は環境的に複雑な生息地を作り出すため、異なる種の要件を満たす有利な環境を創出することができる。しかし、火災はすべての生態系に適しているわけではなく、自然発生していない地域では、破壊的な現代的な脅威となる。
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.news.ucsb.edu/2023/020895/wildfires-and-animal-biodiversity
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ele.14177
陸上脊椎動物の豊かさパターンにおける火災の役割 The role of fire in terrestrial vertebrate richness patterns
Max A. Moritz, Enric Batllori, Benjamin M. Bolker
Ecology Letters Published: 11 February 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14177
Abstract
Productivity is strongly associated with terrestrial species richness patterns, although the mechanisms underpinning such patterns have long been debated. Despite considerable consumption of primary productivity by fire, its influence on global diversity has received relatively little study. Here we examine the sensitivity of terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity (amphibians, birds and mammals) to fire, while accounting for other drivers. We analyse global data on terrestrial vertebrate richness, net primary productivity, fire occurrence (fraction of productivity consumed) and additional influences unrelated to productivity (i.e., historical phylogenetic and area effects) on species richness. For birds, fire is associated with higher diversity, rivalling the effects of productivity on richness, and for mammals, fire’s positive association with diversity is even stronger than productivity; for amphibians, in contrast, there are few clear associations. Our findings suggest an underappreciated role for fire in the generation of animal species richness and the conservation of global biodiversity.
