2026-09-15 ペンシルベニア州立大学（Penn State）
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.psu.edu/news/research/story/double-dip-sampling-contaminants-emerging-concern-two-ways-improves-accuracy
- https://elibrary.asabe.org/azdez.asp?JID=3&AID=56105&CID=jn2026&v=4&i=3&T=1&refer=7&access=
入れ子構造の農業流域における、新たに懸念される汚染物質に対する能動的および受動的サンプリング手法の評価 Assessing Active and Passive Sampling Techniques for Contaminants of Emerging Concern in a Nested Agricultural Watershed
Henry J. Kibuye, Tamie L. Veith, Tyler A. Groh, Heather E. Preisendanz
Journal of Natural Resources and Agricultural Ecosystems Published:9 July 2026
DOI:10.13031/jnrae.16708
Highlights
- POCIS sampling quantified most CECs at higher or equal frequencies to grab sampling.
- Atrazine, simazine, clothianidin, and caffeine were the most frequently detected CECs in both sampling methods.
- POCIS captured cross-site dissimilarities in CECs while grab sampling exhibited seasonal variabilities.
- Time-weighted POCIS concentrations were greater than grab sample concentrations for neutral compounds.
ABSTRACT
Even at trace levels, contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in surface water resources can pose adverse ecological and human health impacts. The assessment of monitoring approaches and sampling methods used in tracking spatiotemporal patterns of CECs is key to designing effective monitoring networks. This study implemented a nested watershed monitoring approach to quantify 24 CECs over the 2023 and 2024 growing seasons at five sites in the Halfmoon Creek watershed, a small, karst, agricultural watershed in central Pennsylvania. Using grab sampling and polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), both active and passive stream samples were collected biweekly to (1) evaluate the ability of each method to capture spatiotemporal patterns of CECs and (2) assess relationships between estimated POCIS time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations and instantaneous grab sample concentrations. POCIS sampling detected CECs at equal or greater frequencies than grab sampling, while concentrations in grab samples exhibited greater seasonal variability. Atrazine, simazine, clothianidin, and caffeine were the most frequently detected CECs, present in at least 68% of samples from both methods. Nested watershed monitoring enabled the identification of hotspots, and multivariate analysis indicated that POCIS captured greater differences in CEC profiles between sites than grab samples. Neutral CECs showed stronger POCIS sorption and had higher estimated POCIS TWA than grab sample concentrations. These results highlight the importance of multiple-site monitoring and utilizing both grab and passive sampling for comprehensive water quality assessment. Additionally, the protonation state of target compounds at environmentally relevant pH conditions should be considered when selecting passive samplers.
