2023-08-23 イリノイ大学アーバナ・シャンペーン校
◆プラスチックは化学物質や微生物がくっつく優れた吸着体であり、これにより微生物が抗生物質耐性を持つ可能性が高まります。これは特に水環境で観察されており、農業用土壌でも同様の現象が起こる可能性があります。微小なプラスチック粒子と抗生物質耐性の影響についての研究はまだ初期段階ですが、土壌と食品供給に対する潜在的なリスクを理解し、代替の生分解性プラスチックに向かう必要があるとされています。
＜関連情報＞
- https://aces.illinois.edu/news/could-microplastics-soil-introduce-drug-resistant-superbugs-food-supply
- https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/888
農業生態系における微生物とマイクロプラスチックおよびナノプラスチックとの相互作用-抗菌剤耐性への影響 Interaction of Microbes with Microplastics and Nanoplastics in the Agroecosystems—Impact on Antimicrobial Resistance
Jayashree Nath,Jayita De,Shantanu Sur and Pratik Banerjee
Pathogens Published: 29 June 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12070888
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are hotspots for the exchange of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) between different bacterial taxa in the environment. Propagation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health issue that needs special attention concerning horizontal gene transfer (HGT) under micro-nano plastics (MNPs) pressure. Interactions between MNPs and microbes, or mere persistence of MNPs in the environment (either water or soil), influence microbial gene expressions, affecting autochthonous microbiomes, their resistomes, and the overall ecosystem. The adsorption of a range of co-contaminants on MNPs leads to the increased interaction of pollutants with microbes resulting in changes in AMR, virulence, toxin production, etc. However, accurately estimating the extent of MNP infestation in agroecosystems remains challenging. The main limitation in estimating the level of MNPs contamination in agroecosystems, surface and subsurface waters, or sediments is the lack of standardized protocols for extraction of MPs and analytical detection methods from complex high organic content matrices. Nonetheless, recent advances in MPs detection from complex matrices with high organic matter content are highly promising. This review aims to provide an overview of relevant information available to date and summarize the already existing knowledge about the mechanisms of MNP-microbe interactions including the different factors with influence on HGT and AMR. In-depth knowledge of the enhanced ARGs propagation in the environment under the influence of MNPs could raise the needed awareness, about future consequences and emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
