インペリアルビーチの海水噴霧エアロゾルから、沿岸の水質汚濁に由来する細菌と化学物質を発見。 Scientists find bacteria, chemical compounds from coastal water pollution in sea spray aerosol along Imperial Beach
2023-03-02 カリフォルニア大学サンディエゴ校(UCSD)
研究者たちは、断続的な海岸の水質汚染が原因で数十年間、カリフォルニア州インペリアルビーチにおいて沿岸の水が汚染されていると述べている。汚染された水は、波が割れたり、泡が弾けたりすることで生成される海霧エアロゾルに含まれるため、大気中に移動する。
海霧エアロゾルには、海水中の細菌、ウイルス、化学物質が含まれており、海水浴をしなくても沿岸にいる人々に影響を与える可能性がある。
研究は、同様にTijuana Riverから流れ出た汚染された水が海洋中のエアロゾルから検出されたことも示した。研究者たちは、細菌と化学物質がどの程度、人々に危険をもたらすのかを確認するための追加研究が必要であると指摘している。
＜関連情報＞
- https://today.ucsd.edu/story/coastal-water-pollution-transfers-to-the-air-in-sea-spray-aerosol-and-reaches-people-on-land
- https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.2c02312
ティファナ川沿岸の水質汚濁を示す細菌および化学物質の海水噴霧エアロゾル中の証拠 Bacterial and Chemical Evidence of Coastal Water Pollution from the Tijuana River in Sea Spray Aerosol
Matthew A. Pendergraft, Pedro Belda-Ferre, Daniel Petras, Clare K. Morris, Brock A. Mitts, Allegra T. Aron, MacKenzie Bryant, Tara Schwartz, Gail Ackermann, Greg Humphrey, Ethan Kaandorp, Pieter C. Dorrestein, Rob Knight and Kimberly A. Prather
Environmental Science & Technology Published:March 2, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02312
Abstract
Roughly half of the human population lives near the coast, and coastal water pollution (CWP) is widespread. Coastal waters along Tijuana, Mexico, and Imperial Beach (IB), USA, are frequently polluted by millions of gallons of untreated sewage and stormwater runoff. Entering coastal waters causes over 100 million global annual illnesses, but CWP has the potential to reach many more people on land via transfer in sea spray aerosol (SSA). Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we found sewage-associated bacteria in the polluted Tijuana River flowing into coastal waters and returning to land in marine aerosol. Tentative chemical identification from non-targeted tandem mass spectrometry identified anthropogenic compounds as chemical indicators of aerosolized CWP, but they were ubiquitous and present at highest concentrations in continental aerosol. Bacteria were better tracers of airborne CWP, and 40 tracer bacteria comprised up to 76% of the bacteria community in IB air. These findings confirm that CWP transfers in SSA and exposes many people along the coast. Climate change may exacerbate CWP with more extreme storms, and our findings call for minimizing CWP and investigating the health effects of airborne exposure.
