持続可能な都市交通の新たな設計案を提案(PKU Team Offers New Blueprint for Sustainable Urban Transport)

2025-10-24 北京大学(PKU)

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北京大学深圳大学院の趙鵬軍・張浩然教授らの研究チームは、超高速充電システム(UFCS)の都市導入が電力網の安定性や都市構造に与える影響を大規模データで解析した。北京・上海・広州の充電記録76万件を分析し、UFCS導入規模別に電力負荷変動をシミュレーション。2000基設置で日内負荷差が31.6%拡大し、価格変動時に「二次ピーク」を生むことが判明した。エネルギー貯蔵システム(ESS)は負荷平準化に寄与するが、自由市場下ではピークを逆に7.5倍増やす恐れもある。規制下では安定化が可能だが、大規模導入時は構造的脆弱性が残る。研究はNature Communications誌に掲載され、動的料金制やESS規制を組み合わせた都市電力設計の必要性を提言した。

持続可能な都市交通の新たな設計案を提案(PKU Team Offers New Blueprint for Sustainable Urban Transport)
Fig 1. Daily charging load curves of the three cities before and after the deployment of Ultra-Fast Charging System under the 2030, 2035, and 2050 scenarios.

<関連情報>

中国の都市部におけるEV超急速充電は、規制された価格シグナルを歪め、電力系統の安定性に対するリスクを高めている China’s urban EV ultra-fast charging distorts regulated price signals and elevates risk to grid stability

Qing Yu,Pengjun Zhao,Jiaxing Li,Han Wang,Jie Yan & Haoran Zhang
Nature Communications  Published:26 September 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63199-3

Abstract

The wide adoption of electric vehicles is driving the rapid deployment of ultra-fast charging stations, particularly in China. This study uses simulations based on extensive real-world charging data from major Chinese cities and finds that deploying 2000 ultra-fast charging stations in a city may increase the peak-to-valley differences of the public charging load by up to 31.61% daily relative to baseline cases. While integrating energy storage systems can help smooth short-term load volatility, it may simultaneously exacerbate short-term demand surges, particularly during the transition from high- to low-price periods. Under an unregulated scenario, large-scale deployment of ultra-fast charging stations with energy storage could raise peak loads by over 70−85% by 2030 and multiply them by up to 7.5 times by 2050. These findings underscore that a comprehensive rethinking of grid management strategies and market frameworks will be essential to ensure urban energy resilience in an era of rapid electric vehicle expansion.

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