2025-04-07 中国科学院（CAS）
中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所のAbudukeremu Kadier教授らの研究チームは、侵略的植物「ヤマウルシ（Rhus typhina L.）」の葉から炭素ドット（CDs）を合成し、炭素ブラック（CB）と組み合わせて玄武岩繊維布（BF）にコーティングすることで、新しい太陽光駆動型蒸発材「CDs/CB@BF」を開発しました。
◆この材料は、1日射照射下で2.05 kg·m²·h⁻¹の蒸発速度と95.72%の光熱変換効率を達成。表面の水酸基やカルボキシル基が水分子の吸着と輸送を促進し、蒸発エンタルピーを1681 J·g⁻¹まで低減しました。pH 3〜12の廃水や3.5%塩分の模擬海水でも安定した性能を維持し、処理後の水はWHOの飲料水基準を満たしました。さらに、油水エマルジョンや染料汚染水の浄化にも成功し、製造コストは1平方メートルあたり約20.75ドル、効率対コスト比は87.23 g·h⁻¹·$⁻¹と経済性にも優れています。この研究は、侵略的植物の有効利用と持続可能な水資源管理に貢献する新たな戦略を示しています。
＜関連情報＞
- https://english.cas.cn/newsroom/research_news/phys/202504/t20250408_909591.shtml
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1383586625012419?via%3Dihub
高塩濃度水浄化のための効率的な太陽界面蒸発器としての侵略的植物由来炭素ドットとカーボンブラック共堆積玄武岩繊維織物 Invasive plant-derived carbon dots and carbon black co-deposited basalt fiber fabric as an efficient solar interface evaporator for high salinity water purification
Ying-Lin He, Chun-Hong Zhou, Zhuo Chen, Ismail Rimeh, Lu Xing, Amanula Yimingniyazi, Anand Parkash, Peng-Cheng Ma, Abudukeremu Kadier
Separation and Purification Technology Available online: 22 March 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132644
Graphical abstract
Highlights
- A solar evaporator was fabricated with CDs extracted from invasive plant leaves.
- CDs reduce energy demand for the water phase transition.
- CDs/CB@BF exhibits a maximum evaporation rate of 2.05 kg·m−2·h−1 at 1 sun irradiation.
- The evaporator has a maximum photothermal conversion efficiency of more than 95%.
- The evaporator has excellent stability and salt tolerance for practical applications.
Abstract
As global freshwater resources become increasingly scarce, developing novel, highly efficient, and robust photothermal materials for solar interfacial evaporation is vital for alleviating the freshwater crisis. This study proposes an innovative utilization of the leaves from an invasive plant species, Rhus typhina L., as a carbon source to prepare carbon dots (CDs) through hydrothermal synthesis and freeze-drying process. The CDs were then combined with carbon black (CB) and deposited onto basalt fabric (BF) via an immersion coating method to obtain a novel two-dimensional CDs/CB@BF photothermal fabric. The surface morphology, elemental composition, hydrophilicity, and light absorption performance of the prepared fabric were investigated using various advanced characterization techniques. The results showed that the developed material possesses an excellent light absorption property, low evaporation enthalpy (1681 J·g−1), and superior capability for water transportation. More importantly, the CDs/CB@BF evaporator exhibited a remarkable evaporation rate of 2.05 kg·m−2·h−1 in pure water and a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 95.72 % under 1 sun irradiation. Apart from that, the evaporator demonstrated outstanding stability in multiple cyclic tests, and the major ion concentrations after evaporation met the standard for drinking water. The present study provides a new strategy for resourceful utilization and controlling invasive plant species. It also offers an efficient and sustainable way to prepare photothermal materials for solar-driven desalination technologies with broad application prospects.
