2024-11-22 ペンシルベニア州立大学(PennState)
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.psu.edu/news/research/story/alternate-stream-water-testing-method-detects-emerging-contaminants
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969724062715
表流水中の新興懸念汚染物質（CECs）の優先的スクリーニング： 細胞ベースのバイオアッセイと暴露活性比（EAR）の比較 Priority screening of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in surface water: Comparing cell-based bioassays and exposure-activity ratios (EARs)
Science of The Total Environment Available online: 10 September 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176115
Graphical abstract
Highlights
- Potential risks of contaminants were assessed in surface water in Pennsylvania.
- Bioassays, chemical analysis, and exposure-activity ratios assessed water quality.
- Cell-based bioassays can assess water quality and inform site selection priorities.
- Results of exposure-activity ratios (EARs) allows for chemical prioritization.
- Results provide insight for prioritizing sites, chemicals, and adverse outcomes.
Abstract
In this study, we compared a wide range of cell-based bioassays to the use of chemical analysis followed by exposure-activity ratio (EAR) and Toxicological Prioritization index (ToxPi) for prioritizing chemicals, sites, and hazard concerns in water samples. Surface water samples were collected from nine sites in three Central Pennsylvania streams and analyzed for a forty-six contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), including pesticides, personal care products, and pharmaceuticals. Cell-based reporter assays evaluated human and zebrafish molecular initiating events (MIEs) in endocrine and metabolic disruption, altered lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress. Bioassays showed that 12 out of 40 assays had at least one site with activity over the effect-based trigger (EBT) values. The receptors that exhibited the highest number of samples above the EBT that would be expected to cause toxicity were Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR, human and zebrafish), Pregnane X Receptor (PXR), Estrogen Receptor-beta (ERB), and Androgen Receptor (AR). Characterizing the collection sites by their bioactivity aligned closely with the stream in which samples were collected. The sum of all EARs for each chemical indicated that the pharmaceutical Carbamazepine and the pesticides Carbaryl and Atrazine posed the greatest concern. However, predicted activity and site prioritization based on individual chemical analysis and calculated EAR were different than those measured by bioassay, indicating that biologically active chemicals are present in the samples that were not included in the targeted analytes. Taken together, these data show that chemical analysis and EAR analysis are beneficial for prioritization of chemicals, whereas mechanism-based bioassays are more inclusive of known as well as unknown chemical contaminants and thus of more use for overall water quality analysis and site prioritization.
