新しい超伝導ダイオードは、量子コンピュータや人工知能の性能を向上させる可能性がある。(New superconducting diode could improve performance of quantum computers and artificial intelligence)

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2023-06-06 ミネソタ大学

◆ミネソタ大学の研究チームが新しい超伝導ダイオードを開発しました。このデバイスはエネルギー効率が高く、複数の電気信号を同時に処理できる特徴を持っています。
◆さらに、エネルギーの流れを制御するゲートが統合されており、量子コンピューターの産業用途や人工知能システムの性能向上に役立つ可能性があります。この研究は、科学雑誌「Nature Communications」に掲載されました。

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三端子ジョセフソン素子におけるゲートチューニング可能な超伝導ダイオードの効果 Gate-tunable superconducting diode effect in a three-terminal Josephson device

Mohit Gupta,Gino V. Graziano,Mihir Pendharkar,Jason T. Dong,Connor P. Dempsey,Chris Palmstrøm & Vlad S. Pribiag
Nature Communications  Published29 May 2023
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38856-0

新しい超伝導ダイオードは、量子コンピュータや人工知能の性能を向上させる可能性がある。(New superconducting diode could improve performance of quantum computers and artificial intelligence)

Abstract

The phenomenon of non-reciprocal critical current in a Josephson device, termed the Josephson diode effect, has garnered much recent interest. Realization of the diode effect requires inversion symmetry breaking, typically obtained by spin-orbit interactions. Here we report observation of the Josephson diode effect in a three-terminal Josephson device based upon an InAs quantum well two-dimensional electron gas proximitized by an epitaxial aluminum superconducting layer. We demonstrate that the diode efficiency in our devices can be tuned by a small out-of-plane magnetic field or by electrostatic gating. We show that the Josephson diode effect in these devices is a consequence of the artificial realization of a current-phase relation that contains higher harmonics. We also show nonlinear DC intermodulation and simultaneous two-signal rectification, enabled by the multi-terminal nature of the devices. Furthermore, we show that the diode effect is an inherent property of multi-terminal Josephson devices, establishing an immediately scalable approach by which potential applications of the Josephson diode effect can be realized, agnostic to the underlying material platform. These Josephson devices may also serve as gate-tunable building blocks in designing topologically protected qubits.

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