樹木の多様性が森林土壌の炭素と窒素の貯蔵量を増加させ、気候変動を緩和することが判明(Study: Tree diversity increases storage of carbon and nitrogen in forest soils, mitigating climate change)

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2023-04-26 ミシガン大学

カナダの国立森林目録の数百のプロットのデータを分析して、樹木多様性と自然林の土壌炭素および窒素の変化との関係を調べた新しい研究の主要な結論は、樹木多様性が増すと、10年単位で土壌炭素の貯蔵が30%から32%、窒素の貯蔵が42%から50%増加することです。
この研究は、自然林でも高い樹木多様性が森林土壌中の炭素および窒素の蓄積を促進することを初めて示している。

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樹木の多様性は10年後の森林土壌の炭素と窒素の発生を増加させる Tree diversity increases decadal forest soil carbon and nitrogen accrual

Xinli Chen,Anthony R. Taylor,Peter B. Reich,Masumi Hisano,Han Y. H. Chen & Scott X. Chang
Nature  Published:26 April 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05941-9

樹木の多様性が森林土壌の炭素と窒素の貯蔵量を増加させ、気候変動を緩和することが判明(Study: Tree diversity increases storage of carbon and nitrogen in forest soils, mitigating climate change)

Abstract

Increasing soil carbon and nitrogen storage can help mitigate climate change and sustain soil fertility1,2. A large number of biodiversity-manipulation experiments collectively suggest that high plant diversity increases soil carbon and nitrogen stocks3,4. It remains debated, however, whether such conclusions hold in natural ecosystems5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12. Here we analyse Canada’s National Forest Inventory (NFI) database with the help of structural equation modelling (SEM) to explore the relationship between tree diversity and soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation in natural forests. We find that greater tree diversity is associated with higher soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation, validating inferences from biodiversity-manipulation experiments. Specifically, on a decadal scale, increasing species evenness from its minimum to maximum value increases soil carbon and nitrogen in the organic horizon by 30% and 42%, whereas increasing functional diversity enhances soil carbon and nitrogen in the mineral horizon by 32% and 50%, respectively. Our results highlight that conserving and promoting functionally diverse forests could promote soil carbon and nitrogen storage, enhancing both carbon sink capacity and soil nitrogen fertility.

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