高周波重力波の新しい制限を設定する卓上実験を実施(World’s most sensitive table-top experiment sets new limits on very high-frequency gravitational waves)

2025-10-09 カーディフ大学

カーディフ大学物理・天文学部の重力探査チームは、卓上型重力波検出装置「QUEST(Quantum Enhanced Space-Time measurement)」を開発し、世界最高感度を達成した。QUESTはLIGOの小型版干渉計で、わずか3時間の実験で人の髪の10兆分の1の長さ変化を検出。結果は『Physical Review Letters』に掲載され、極高周波重力波の存在に新たな制約を与えた。装置は暗黒物質や初期宇宙起源の重力波探索にも応用可能で、次世代重力波観測技術の開発にも貢献が期待される。

高周波重力波の新しい制限を設定する卓上実験を実施(World’s most sensitive table-top experiment sets new limits on very high-frequency gravitational waves)
The Gravity Exploration Team was able to achieve record-breaking levels of sensitivity with the Quantum Enhanced Space-Time measurement (QUEST) in just a three-hour experiment.

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卓上干渉計対による確率的長さ変動の広帯域限界 Broadband Limits on Stochastic Length Fluctuations from a Pair of Table-Top Interferometers

Abhinav Patra, Lorenzo Aiello, Aldo Ejlli, William L. Griffiths, Alasdair L. James, Nikitha Kuntimaddi, Ohkyung Kwon, Eyal Schwartz, Henning Vahlbruch et al.
Physical Review Letters  Published: 3 September, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/61j9-cjkk

Abstract

The Quantum-Enhanced Space-Time (QUEST) experiment consists of a pair of colocated power recycled Michelson interferometers, each designed to have a broadband, shot-noise-limited displacement sensitivity of 2×10−19  m/√Hz from 1 to 200 MHz. Here, we present the first results of QUEST, with a search up to 80 MHz, that set new upper limits on correlated length fluctuations from 13 to 80 MHz, constituting the first broadband constraints for a stochastic gravitational wave background at these frequencies. In a coincident observing run of 104  s, the averaging of the cross-correlation spectra between the two interferometer signals resulted in a strain sensitivity of 3×10−20  1/√Hz, making QUEST the most sensitive table-top interferometric system to date.

1701物理及び化学
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