2025-07-28 バージニア工科大学（Virginia Tech）
Maya Keely works with a robot as it is programmed to respond to input to create a pizza. Photo courtesy of Maya Keely.
＜関連情報＞
- https://news.vt.edu/articles/2025/07/eng-me-losey-bartlett-pizza-robot.html
- https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/soro.2024.0062
剛性グリップと柔軟グリップの組み合わせと分離により、ロボット操作を向上させる Combining and Decoupling Rigid and Soft Grippers to Enhance Robotic Manipulation
Maya Keely, Yeunhee Kim, Shaunak A. Mehta, Joshua Hoegerman, Robert Ramirez Sanchez, Emily Paul, Camryn Mills, Dylan P. Losey, and Michael D. Bartlett
Soft Robotics Published:10 March 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1089/soro.2024.0062
Abstract
For robot arms to perform everyday tasks in unstructured environments, these robots must be able to manipulate a diverse range of objects. Today’s robots often grasp objects with either soft grippers or rigid end-effectors. However, purely rigid or purely soft grippers have fundamental limitations as follows: soft grippers struggle with irregular heavy objects, whereas rigid grippers often cannot grasp small numerous items. In this article, we therefore introduce RISOs, a mechanics and controls approach for unifying traditional RIgid end-effectors with a novel class of SOft adhesives. When grasping an object, RISOs can use either the rigid end-effector (pinching the item between nondeformable fingers) and/or the soft materials (attaching and releasing items with switchable adhesives). This enhances manipulation capabilities by combining and decoupling rigid and soft mechanisms. With RISOs, robots can perform grasps along a spectrum from fully rigid, to fully soft, to rigid-soft, enabling real-time object manipulation across a 1.5 million times range in weight (from 2 mg to 2.9 kg). To develop RISOs, we first model and characterize the soft switchable adhesives. We then mount sheets of these soft adhesives on the surfaces of rigid end-effectors and develop control strategies that make it easier for robot arms and human operators to utilize RISOs. The resulting RISO grippers were able to pick up, carry, and release a larger set of objects than existing grippers, and participants also preferred using RISO. Overall, our experimental and user study results suggest that RISOs provide an exceptional gripper range in both capacity and object diversity.
