1ナノ極薄触媒シートが水の解離を劇的に促進 ~燃料電池、CO2回収など応用デバイス開発へ重要な一歩~

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2025-04-27 名古屋大学

名古屋大学未来材料・システム研究所(IMaSS)の研究チームは、米国ペンシルベニア大学との共同研究により、厚さ約1ナノメートルの酸化チタンナノシートを高密度に配列した膜をバイポーラー膜(BPM)の界面に挿入することで、水の解離反応を大幅に促進することに成功しました。このナノシート触媒は、従来のナノ粒子触媒と比較して1000倍以上の重量規格化電流密度を達成し、過電圧を0.25Vまで低減しました。この成果は、燃料電池やCO₂回収などの次世代エネルギー変換デバイスの高性能化に貢献することが期待されます。

<関連情報>

双極膜中における強電場による水解離反応触媒としての分子性ナノシート薄膜 Molecularly Thin Nanosheet Films as Water Dissociation Reaction Catalysts Enhanced by Strong Electric Fields in Bipolar Membranes

Eisuke Yamamoto,Tianyue Gao,Langqiu Xiao,Kelly Kopera,Sariah Marth,Heemin Park,Chulsung Bae,Minoru Osada,and Thomas E. Mallouk,
Journal of the American Chemical Society  Published: April 15, 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c17830

Abstract

1ナノ極薄触媒シートが水の解離を劇的に促進 ~燃料電池、CO2回収など応用デバイス開発へ重要な一歩~

Bipolar membranes (BPMs) are interesting materials for the development of next-generation electrochemical energy conversion and separations processes. One of the key challenges in optimizing BPM performance is enhancing the rate of the water dissociation (WD) reaction. While electric field effects, specifically the second Wien effect, have been demonstrated to enhance the rate of WD reaction, making BPMs with low overpotentials for WD using primary electric field effects has been difficult to achieve. In this study, we constructed an abrupt interfacial structure between the anion exchange membrane (AEM) and cation exchange membrane (CEM) of BPMs to maximize the intensity of local electric field. A film of densely tiled, molecularly thin titanium oxide nanosheets was deposited as the interfacial layer to create an abrupt interface for studying extreme electric field effects. Although BPMs with titanium oxide nanosheet films exhibited higher WD reaction resistance compared to thicker catalyst layers composed of nanoparticles at low current density, they showed superior performance at higher current densities, where strong electric fields were present, and an apparent WD overpotential of 0.25 V at 300 mA cm–2 was extracted from electrochemical impedance measurements. These results highlight the potential of optimizing BPM performance by maximizing the second Wien effect through the utilization of two-dimensionally assembled nanosheet films.

0505化学装置及び設備
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