部分的自動運転車の安全性を向上させる簡単なプロンプト (How Simple Prompts Can Make Partially Automated Cars Safer)

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2025-01-28 ノースカロライナ州立大学 (NCState)

部分的自動運転車の安全性を向上させる簡単なプロンプト (How Simple Prompts Can Make Partially Automated Cars Safer)An example of a driving-related conversational prompt displayed during automated driving. Photo credit: Xiangqing Ding.

ノースカロライナ州立大学の研究によると、部分的自動運転システムにおいて、システムからの簡単なプロンプトがドライバーの環境認識を高め、車両の制御を迅速に引き継ぐ助けになることが分かりました。研究では運転シミュレーターを用い、運転関連の質問(例:「制限速度はまだ55マイルですか?」)と非運転関連の質問(例:「今朝、朝食を食べましたか?」)を提示し、その効果を評価しました。その結果、運転関連のプロンプトは注意を維持し、安全性向上に寄与する一方、ドライバーが高度に気を散らす活動をしている場合、プロンプトの効果はほぼなくなることも確認されました。この研究は、部分的自動運転車におけるドライバーの注意維持と安全性向上の重要性を示しています。

<関連情報>

離脱者を目覚めさせる: 運転関連プロンプトは部分自動運転にドライバーを引き込むことができるか? Awakening the Disengaged: Can Driving-Related Prompts Engage Drivers in Partial Automation?

Xiaolu Bai and Jing Feng
Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society  Published:January 22, 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208251314248

Abstract

Objective
This study explores the effectiveness of conversational prompts on enhancing driver monitoring behavior and takeover performance in partially automated driving under two non-driving-related task (NDRT) scenarios with varying workloads.

Background
Driver disengagement in partially automated driving is a serious safety concern. Intermittent conversational prompts that require responses may be a solution. However, existing literature is limited with inconsistent findings. There is little consideration of NDRTs as an important context, despite their ubiquitous involvement. A method is also lacking to measure driver engagement at the cognitive level, beyond manual and visual engagements.

Methods
Participants operated a partially automated vehicle in a simulator across six predefined drives. In each drive, participants either received driving-related prompts, daily-conversation prompts, or no prompts, with or without a takeover notification. The first experiment instructed participants to engage in NDRTs at their choice and the second experiment incentivized solving demanding anagrams with monetary rewards.

Results
When participants were voluntarily engaged in NDRTs, answering driving-related prompts and receiving takeover notifications improved their monitoring behavior and takeover performance. However, when participants were involved in the more demanding and incentivized NDRT, answering prompts had little effect.

Conclusion
The study supports the importance of both maintaining appropriate workload and processing driving-related information during partially automated driving. Driving-related prompts improve driver engagement and takeover performance, but they are not robust enough to compete with NDRTs that have high motivational appeals and cognitive demands.

Application
The design of driver engagement tools should consider the workload and information processing mechanisms.

0108交通物流機械及び建設機械
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