宇宙の膨張率を計算するために稀な事象を利用するNASAのローマン(NASA’s Roman to Use Rare Events to Calculate Expansion Rate of Universe)

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2024-02-07 NASA

A field of galaxies on the black background of space. Some are blue and white, others glow yellow. In the middle of the field is a cluster of five yellowish spiral and elliptical galaxies that form a foreground galaxy cluster. There is one spiral galaxy just below the cluster that has a yellow-whiteish core and is surrounded by diffuse blue material. This galaxy is outlined by a white box, and lines extend from the box’s corners that leads to an enlarged view at the right. Four arrows point at yellow faint points of light that circle the central glow of the galaxy.
This Hubble Space Telescope image shows the powerful gravity of a galaxy embedded in a massive cluster of galaxies producing multiple images of a single distant supernova far behind it. The image shows the galaxy’s location within a large cluster of galaxies called MACS J1149.6+2223, located more than 5 billion light-years away. In the enlarged inset view of the galaxy, the arrows point to the multiple copies of an exploding star, named Supernova Refsdal, located 9.3 billion light-years from Earth.
Credit: NASA, ESA, and S. Rodney (JHU) and the FrontierSN team; T. Treu (UCLA), P. Kelly (UC Berkeley), and the GLASS team; J. Lotz (STScI) and the Frontier Fields team; M. Postman (STScI) and the CLASH team; and Z. Levay (STScI)

NASAのナンシー・グレース・ローマン宇宙望遠鏡を用いて、宇宙の膨張速度を調査する天文学者が新たな方法で研究に臨んでいます。2027年までに打ち上げられるこの望遠鏡は、広範囲の画像から重力レンズ化された超新星を探し出し、宇宙の膨張速度を測定するために活用されます。これにより、従来の方法とは異なる観測手法で、宇宙膨張速度の矛盾する測定結果を解明する可能性があります。

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