2023-09-14 ジョージア工科大学
◆ジョージア工科大学の研究によれば、酸化有機エアロゾル(OOA)がPM2.5内の最も毒性の高い有機エアロゾルであり、これらの化合物が細胞に酸化ストレスを引き起こすことが明らかにされました。これは大気汚染の健康への脅威を強調し、今後有機エアロゾルがさらに毒性を増す可能性を指摘しています。
◆研究者は、大気化学、毒性学、疫学、バイオテクノロジーの分野間の協力の必要性を強調し、特に化石燃料とバイオマス燃焼の不完全な過程から排出されるPM2.5成分の健康影響をさらに調査する必要があると述べています。
<関連情報>
- https://research.gatech.edu/georgia-tech-study-sheds-light-toxicity-atmospheric-particulate-matter-pollution
- https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.3c03641
酸化と不飽和: 米国南東部における細胞の活性酸素産生に関連する主要な有機エアロゾル特性 Oxidized and Unsaturated: Key Organic Aerosol Traits Associated with Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species Production in the Southeastern United States
Fobang Liu, Taekyu Joo, Jenna C. Ditto, Maria G. Saavedra, Masayuki Takeuchi, Alexandra J. Boris, Yuhan Yang, Rodney J. Weber, Ann M. Dillner, Drew R. Gentner, and Nga L. Ng
Environmental Science and Technology Published:September 12, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c03641
Abstract
Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with millions of premature deaths annually. Oxidative stress through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a possible mechanism for PM2.5-induced health effects. Organic aerosol (OA) is a dominant component of PM2.5 worldwide, yet its role in PM2.5 toxicity is poorly understood due to its chemical complexity. Here, through integrated cellular ROS measurements and detailed multi-instrument chemical characterization of PM in urban southeastern United States, we show that oxygenated OA (OOA), especially more-oxidized OOA, is the main OA type associated with cellular ROS production. We further reveal that highly unsaturated species containing carbon–oxygen double bonds and aromatic rings in OOA are major contributors to cellular ROS production. These results highlight the key chemical features of ambient OA driving its toxicity. As more-oxidized OOA is ubiquitous and abundant in the atmosphere, this emphasizes the need to understand its sources and chemical processing when formulating effective strategies to mitigate PM2.5 health impacts.