2023-08-16 インペリアル・カレッジ・ロンドン(ICL)
◆この研究により、林冠土壌が涼しく霧の多いエリアで形成され、気候変動や森林伐採の脅威にさらされていることが明らかになりました。
◆林冠土壌は豊かな生命と栄養を含み、炭素蓄積源としても重要。しかし、気候変動による霧の増加や森林の伐採により、その重要性が破壊されつつある可能性があります。研究者はこれを警告し、生態系の保護と多様な炭素蓄積源の維持の重要性を強調しています。
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/246936/soils-forming-branches-trees-overlooked-forest/
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016706123002860
気候だけでなく、枝レベルのプロセスも樹冠の土壌の存在量と化学的性質を左右するClimate, as well as branch-level processes, drive canopy soil abundance and chemistry
Jessica Murray, A. Peyton Smith, Myrna Simpson, Keylor Muñoz Elizondo, Jacqueline A. Aitkenhead-Peterson, Bonnie Waring
Geoderma Available online: 27 July 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116609
Highlights
•Canopy soil abundance was highest in big trees and cool, foggy sites.
•Canopy soil organic matter composition varied with climate and tree size.
•Despite influence of climate, canopy soil chemistry varies widely along the branch.
Abstract
Canopy soils can be important to forest nutrient cycling, hydrology, and biodiversity, but the factors determining their distribution and properties are largely unknown. We surveyed canopy soils across gradients of temperature and precipitation in six primary forests in Costa Rica. We used solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) to understand how the composition of canopy soil organic matter varies within and across sites. Climate, particularly fog, appears to drive canopy soil abundance across forests, while tree size determines canopy soil abundance within a forest. Canopy soil chemistry mostly varied within sites, though temperature was associated with the carbon (C) to nitrogen ratio, total dissolved nitrogen, and alkyl-C abundance, while fog explained some of the variation in dissolved organic carbon and O-alkyl C abundance. This study is the first-ever glimpse into large- and small-scale drivers of canopy soil abundance and biochemical composition. Our results highlight the importance of tree size and fog in determining the quantity and quality of canopy soil organic matter, suggesting that canopy soil stocks may be particularly vulnerable to climate and land use change. Identifying how multi-scale factors influence canopy organic matter processes will enhance our ability to identify and predict how environmental change might affect the abundance and chemistry of canopy soils and thus biodiversity that they support.
