2023-08-15 インペリアル・カレッジ・ロンドン(ICL)
◆このデザインは、通常の太陽電池に比べて10％以上の電力を生成し、最大70％のエネルギー損失を軽減します。また、2050年までに達成される太陽電池目標にこの技術を応用すれば、年間400億立方メートル以上の淡水を供給できるかもしれません。
◆この葉のようなデザインは、自然界からインスピレーションを受け、水の移動と蒸発を模倣し、太陽光発電セルからの熱を効果的に除去します。この革新的なデザインは、太陽パネルの性能向上とコスト効率を提供し、同時にエネルギーと淡水の需要に対応する可能性を秘めています。
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/246833/bio-inspired-solar-leaf-design-with-increased/
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38984-7
高効率バイオインスパイアードハイブリッド多重層太陽光発電リーフ High-efficiency bio-inspired hybrid multi-generation photovoltaic leaf
Gan Huang,Jingyuan Xu & Christos N. Markides
Nature Communications Published:08 June 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38984-7
Abstract
Most solar energy incident (>70%) upon commercial photovoltaic panels is dissipated as heat, increasing their operating temperature, and leading to significant deterioration in electrical performance. The solar utilisation efficiency of commercial photovoltaic panels is typically below 25%. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid multi-generation photovoltaic leaf concept that employs a biomimetic transpiration structure made of eco-friendly, low-cost and widely-available materials for effective passive thermal management and multi-generation. We demonstrate experimentally that bio-inspired transpiration can remove ~590 W/m2 of heat from a photovoltaic cell, reducing the cell temperature by ~26 °C under an irradiance of 1000 W/m2, and resulting in a relatively 13.6% increase in electrical efficiency. Furthermore, the photovoltaic leaf is capable of synergistically utilising the recovered heat to co-generate additional thermal energy and freshwater simultaneously within the same component, significantly elevating the overall solar utilisation efficiency from 13.2% to over 74.5%, along with over 1.1 L/h/m2 of clean water.
