安価なチャコールエアフィルターで、車内の二酸化窒素（NO2）を車外と比較して最大90％削減できる。 A cheap charcoal air filter can reduce nitrogen dioxide (NO2) inside vehicles by as much as 90%, compared to levels outside the vehicle.
2023-03-06 バーミンガム大学
NO2は一般的な大気汚染物質であり、喘息の悪化や呼吸器感染症のリスクを高めることがあります。交通排出物がNO2の主要な原因であるため、車内の乗客は外気が開いた窓や換気システムを通じて循環し、暴露されることになります。
炭素フィルターはNO2を吸着することができ、花粉フィルターとは異なり、有害なガスを効果的に取り除くことができます。
研究によれば、炭素フィルターは車内のNO2濃度を14.3倍低下させることができます。これにより、車内に長時間滞在するドライバーなどには有用な方法となります。
ただし、フィルターの効果は時間とともに低下するため、車のサービス時に定期的に交換する必要があります。
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/news/2023/cheap-charcoal-air-filters-offer-improvements-to-in-vehicle-air-quality
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969722074976
花粉フィルターと活性炭フィルターを備えた車室内のNO2レベル。NO2暴露低減ポテンシャルを推定するための実世界での標的型介入策 NO2 levels inside vehicle cabins with pollen and activated carbon filters: A real world targeted intervention to estimate NO2 exposure reduction potential
Vasileios N. Matthaios, Daniel Rooney, Roy M. Harrison, Petros Koutrakis, William J. Bloss
Science of The Total Environment Available online: 22 November 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160395
Highlights
- •NO2 levels were examined inside cars while driving with new pollen and activated carbon filters.
- •Implementing new activated carbon filters showed significant in-car NO2 reduction by 87.4 %.
- •Activated carbon filter reduction efficiency drops by 6.8 % per month of use.
- •Implementation of activated carbon filters should be considered to reduce in-vehicle exposure.
Abstract
Traffic related nitrogen dioxide (NO2) poses a serious environmental and health risk factor in the urban environment. Drivers and vehicle occupants in general may have acute exposure to NO2 levels. In order to identify key controllable measures to reduce vehicle occupant’s exposure, this study measures NO2 exposure inside ten different vehicles under real world driving conditions and applies a targeted intervention by replacing previously used filters with new standard pollen and new activated carbon cabin filters. The study also evaluates the efficiency of the latter as a function of duration of use. The mean in-vehicle NO2 exposure across the tested vehicles, driving the same route under comparable traffic and ambient air quality conditions, was 50.8 ± 32.7 μg/m3 for the new standard pollen filter tests and 9.2 ± 8.6 μg/m3 for the new activated carbon filter tests. When implementing the new activated carbon filters, overall we observed significant (p < 0.05) reductions by 87 % on average (range 80 – 94.2 %) in the in-vehicle NO2 levels compared to the on-road concentrations. We further found that the activated carbon filter NO2 removal efficiency drops by 6.8 ± 0.6 % per month; showing a faster decay in removal efficiency after the first 6 months of use. These results offer novel insights into how the general population can control and reduce their exposure to traffic related NO2. The use and regular replacement of activated carbon cabin air filters represents a relatively inexpensive method to significantly reduce in-vehicle NO2 exposure.
