2025-08-23 ユニバーシティ・カレッジ・ロンドン(UCL)
<関連情報>
- https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/aug/us-oil-and-gas-air-pollution-causes-unequal-health-impacts
- https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adu2241
米国における主要石油・ガスライフサイクル段階からの大気汚染がもたらす健康負荷と人種・民族間格差 The health burden and racial-ethnic disparities of air pollution from the major oil and gas lifecycle stages in the United States
Karn Vohra, Eloise A. Marais, Ploy Achakulwisut, Susan Anenberg, and Colin Harkins
Science Advances Published:22 Aug 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adu2241
Abstract
The United States has one of the world’s largest oil and gas (O&G) industries, yet the health impacts and inequities from pollutants produced along the O&G lifecycle remain poorly characterized. Here, we model the contribution of major lifecycle stages (upstream, midstream, downstream, and end-use) to air pollution and estimate the associated chronic health outcomes and racial-ethnic disparities across the contiguous US in 2017. We estimate lifecycle annual burdens of 91,000 premature deaths attributable to fine particles (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone, 10,350 PM2.5-attributable preterm births, 216,000 incidences of NO2-attributable childhood-onset asthma, and 1610 lifetime cancers attributable to hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Racial-ethnic minorities experience the greatest disparities in exposure and health burdens across almost all lifecycle stages. The greatest absolute disparities occur for Black and Asian populations from PM2.5 and ozone, and the Asian population from NO2 and HAPs. Relative inequities are most extreme from downstream activities, especially in Louisiana and Texas.
