充電ステーションの配置を注意深く計画することで、新しい発電所の必要性を軽減または排除できる可能性があることが、新しい研究で示された。 Careful planning of charging station placement could lessen or eliminate the need for new power plants, a new study shows.
2023-03-15 マサチューセッツ工科大学(MIT)
MITの研究チームによる調査では、ワークプレースでの充電ステーションの整備や、充電時間の遅延が、余剰電力を使用することで夕方のピーク時に必要な新しい発電所の建設を回避し、費用対効果を高めることができることが示された。また、EVの普及を支援するためには、充電ステーションの設置場所に焦点を当てた規制やインセンティブが必要であることが指摘された。
＜関連情報＞
- https://news.mit.edu/2023/minimizing-electric-vehicles-impact-grid-0315
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666386423000462?via%3Dihub
ピーク電力需要の削減と太陽エネルギーの貯蔵に有益な電気自動車充電のための戦略 Strategies for beneficial electric vehicle charging to reduce peak electricity demand and store solar energy
Zachary Needell, Wei Wei, Jessika E. Trancik
Cell Reports Physical Science Published: February 15, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2023.101287
Highlights
- •We model electricity supply and demand under widespread BEV and photovoltaic (PV) adoption
- •Overnight BEV charging can mitigate increases in evening peak electricity demand
- •Workplace charging can reduce peak impacts and also better utilize PV generation
- •BEV adoption needs to accelerate relative to PV installation to maximize co-benefits
Summary
Battery electric vehicle (BEV) and photovoltaic (PV) electricity adoption increases in many climate change mitigation scenarios, yet large-scale deployment of these technologies, if left unmanaged, can raise electricity costs by increasing peak evening electricity demand and causing overgeneration of electricity during midday. Here we examine these risks and how they amplify or mitigate each other. We model hourly electricity demand under BEV and PV adoption in two United States cities. We then investigate mitigation strategies that do not require travel behavior change or new technology such as vehicle-to-grid capabilities and networked chargers. In both locations, delayed home charging nearly eliminates increases in peak demand. Workplace charging can similarly reduce peak demand while also cutting the curtailment of photovoltaic electricity by half. These two approaches could be combined to suit local conditions and decarbonization plans. Importantly, capturing these benefits would require an acceleration of electric vehicle adoption relative to current rates.
