NASA IXPEの「ハートビートブラックホール」観測が現行理論に挑戦(NASA IXPE’s ‘Heartbeat Black Hole’ Measurements Challenge Current Theories)

2025-08-12 NASA

NASAのX線偏光観測衛星IXPEは、“ハートビート”型明滅で知られるブラックホールIGR J17091-3624を観測し、X線偏光度が9.1%と予測を大きく上回る値を記録した。高偏光度は通常、降着円盤近傍の高温プラズマ「コロナ」を鋭角から観測した場合に生じるが、この結果は既存のコロナ形状・視角モデルに疑問を投げかける。観測はリズミカルな明滅と偏光特性を同時に捉え、光の散乱過程やコロナ周囲環境の新たなメカニズムの可能性を示唆。今回の成果はブラックホール降着構造の理解に挑戦し、理論モデルの修正や追加検証の必要性を示した。

NASA IXPEの「ハートビートブラックホール」観測が現行理論に挑戦(NASA IXPE’s ‘Heartbeat Black Hole’ Measurements Challenge Current Theories)
This illustration of material swirling around a black hole highlights a particular feature, called the “corona,” that shines brightly in X-ray light. In this depiction, the corona can be seen as a purple haze floating above the underlying accretion disk, and extending slightly inside of its inner edge. The material within the inner accretion disk is incredibly hot and would glow with a blinding blue-white light, but here has been reduced in brightness to make the corona stand out with better contrast. Its purple color is purely illustrative, standing in for the X-ray glow that would not be obvious in visible light. The warp in the disk is a realistic representation of how the black hole’s immense gravity acts like an optical lens, distorting our view of the flat disk that encircles it.
NASA/Caltech-IPAC/Robert Hurt

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