2025-08-01 カリフォルニア工科大学（Caltech）
The fabrication route for making copper-nickel alloys using the hydrogel influsion-based additive manufacturing (HIAM).Credit: Thomas Tran/Caltech
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/bringing-metallurgy-into-the-21st-century
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smll.202501320
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03071-9
ハイドロゲル注入ベースのアドディティブ・マニュファクチャリング（HIAM）中に還元されたCu–Ni二元合金における多スケール微細構造と機械的特性評価 Multiscale Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Cu–Ni Binary Alloys Reduced During Hydrogel Infusion-Based Additive Manufacturing (HIAM)
Thomas T. Tran, Rebecca A. Gallivan, Julia R. Greer
Small Published: 23 July 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202501320
Abstract
Hydrogel infusion-based additive manufacturing (HIAM) is a chemically versatile solid-state processing pathway that allows 3D structuring of ceramics and alloys with micro-scale precision. Using thermal treatments of 3D-printed metal ion-infused gels, this process generates intricate microstructures throughout their complex phase evolution. Through investigation of the HIAM-produced CuxNi1-x alloy system, substantial grain growth after reduction is shown to drive the formation of numerous annealing twins and entrap unreduced oxide nano-inclusions, resulting in hierarchical composite microstructures. These features appear to elevate the average nanoindentation hardnesses by up to four times that of bulk annealed CuxNi1-x. Uniaxial compression of micropillars milled from individual grains reveals composition dependence on the scaling of the “smaller is stronger” size effect. This compositional dependence of deformation mechanisms arises from changes in reduction kinetics which influence the density of inclusions and voids developed by the HIAM process. This work highlights the rich microstructural landscape accessible to HIAM-produced alloys and provides a useful pathway for the characterization and tuning of superior mechanical performance in additively manufactured alloys.
3Dナノ構造金属のアドディティブ製造 Additive manufacturing of 3D nano-architected metals
Andrey Vyatskikh,Stéphane Delalande,Akira Kudo,Xuan Zhang,Carlos M. Portela & Julia R. Greer
Nature Communications Published:09 February 2018
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03071-9
Abstract
Most existing methods for additive manufacturing (AM) of metals are inherently limited to ~20–50 μm resolution, which makes them untenable for generating complex 3D-printed metallic structures with smaller features. We developed a lithography-based process to create complex 3D nano-architected metals with ~100 nm resolution. We first synthesize hybrid organic–inorganic materials that contain Ni clusters to produce a metal-rich photoresist, then use two-photon lithography to sculpt 3D polymer scaffolds, and pyrolyze them to volatilize the organics, which produces a >90 wt% Ni-containing architecture. We demonstrate nanolattices with octet geometries, 2 μm unit cells and 300–400-nm diameter beams made of 20-nm grained nanocrystalline, nanoporous Ni. Nanomechanical experiments reveal their specific strength to be 2.1–7.2 MPa g−1 cm3, which is comparable to lattice architectures fabricated using existing metal AM processes. This work demonstrates an efficient pathway to 3D-print micro-architected and nano-architected metals with sub-micron resolution.
