高耐久性ハイドロゲル電解質により亜鉛イオン電池性能を向上(High-durability Hydrogel Electrolyte Boosts Quasi-solid-state Zinc-ion Battery Performance)

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2025-06-24 中国科学院(CAS)

高耐久性ハイドロゲル電解質により亜鉛イオン電池性能を向上(High-durability Hydrogel Electrolyte Boosts Quasi-solid-state Zinc-ion Battery Performance)Figure 1. (a) Calculated electrostatic potential (ESP) distribution of Zn(Ac)2 and urea, and schematic representation of the Zn2+-urea-Ac- system. (b) Schematic illustration about the uniform Zn deposition by using the USPH-5. (Image by LI Zhaoqian)

中国科学院・合肥物質科学研究院の胡林華教授らの研究チームは、尿素を亜鉛親和性溶解補助剤、酢酸亜鉛を塩として用いた高耐久性ハイドロゲル電解質を開発し、準固体状態亜鉛イオン電池(AZIBs)の性能を大幅に向上させた。新ハイドロゲルは高い機械的強度(引張557%、圧縮3.7MPa)を持ち、電池作動中にポリウレア系固体電解質界面(SEI)が自然形成され、樹枝状結晶やパッシベーションを防ぎつつ安定な亜鉛のストリッピング/プレーティングを実現。独自の“塩析効果”により酢酸亜鉛の溶解度を向上させ、繰返し充放電や外力への耐性も強化。柔軟なパウチ型セルは180度折り曲げても安定動作を維持し、ウェアラブル機器への応用可能性が示された。

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亜鉛親和性可溶化による準固体亜鉛イオン電池の性能向上 Boosting Performance of Quasi-solid-state Zinc Ion Batteries via Zincophilic Solubilization

Yifan Wang, Weilin Yan, Xuejun Zhu, Jinghao Li, Zhaoqian Li, Hong Zhang, Yingke Ren, Lie Mo, Yang Huang, Lei Zhang, Linhua Hu
Angewandte Chemie International Edition  Published: 12 June 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202508556

Abstract

Hydrogel electrolytes hold great promise in tackling severe issues facing aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). However, to satisfy the quest of flexible and eco-friendly batteries, developing low-cost and high mechanical durability hydrogel electrolyte remains a challenge. Here, employing the zincophilic solubilizer urea, we break the classical concentration limits of the low-cost Zn(Ac)2 salt and introduce it into the hydrogel skeleton. The “salting out” effect give the polymer chain sediments a tighter bundle and twist effect. The as-formed hydrogel electrolyte can endure 557% high elongation and 3.7 MPa compressive strength to resist repeated zinc plating/striping process and external physical stimuli. The in-situ polyurea solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer leads to thermodynamically stable anode/electrolyte interface. Utilizing the hydrogel electrolyte, the zinc anode shows high reversibility, leading to an average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.93% for 150 cycles on the Zn//Cu battery. When assembled with NH4V4O10 cathode (NVO), the full battery delivers a high capacity of 253.8 mAh g-1 beyond 1000 cycles longevity at 1 A g-1. The pouch battery also shows a high capacity of 280.7 mAh g-1 at 500 mA g-1 and operate steadily for 90.13% retention after 200 cycles, and maintained a stable voltage even experienced bending and folding.

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