2025-08-01 浙江大学(ZJU)
Preparation of aerogels from the 2D channel precursor
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.zju.edu.cn/english/2025/0811/c19573a3073996/page.htm
- https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adw5777
2273 Kを超える超高温超弾性を示すドーム型気泡エアロゲル Dome-celled aerogels with ultrahigh-temperature superelasticity over 2273 K
Kai Pang, Yuxing Xia, Xiaoting Liu, Wenhao Tong, […] , and Chao Gao
Science Published:17 Jul 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adw5777
Editor’s summary
Aerogels, which are typically made using a sol-gel process, consist of a group of materials with high porosity, near transparency, and ultralow density, as they can be up to 99% empty space. Pang et al. developed a two-dimensional channel–confined method to make dome-celled aerogels from a wide range of oxides, carbides, metals, and even high-entropy mixtures. The dome shape imbues the aerogels with mechanical and thermal robustness, allowing them to undergo thousands of compressive cycles up to 99% strain and wide-temperature-change thermal shock. Many of the carbides also have very low thermal conductivity even at high temperatures. —Marc S. Lavine
Abstract
Aerogels are known for their high porosity and very low density and can be made from a range of materials, but are limited by structural instability under extreme thermomechanical conditions. We report on 194 types of dome-celled ultralight aerogels that maintain superior elasticity spanning from 4.2 kelvin (K) to 2273 K, realized by a two-dimensional channel–confined chemistry method. Such aerogels exhibit superelasticity under 99% strain for 20,000 cycles and thermal shock resistance at 2273 K over 100 cycles. The high-entropy carbide aerogel achieves a thermal conductivity of 53.4 mW·m−1·K−1 at 1273 K and 171.1 mW·m−1·K−1 at 2273 K. The combination of temperature-invariant elasticity and chemical diversity makes such aerogels highly promising for extreme thermomechanics, from heat-insulated industries to deep space exploration.
