全固体電池の高速充電・長寿命化技術を開発(Solid-state batteries charge faster, last longer)

2025-07-16 カリフォルニア大学リバーサイド校(UCR)

カリフォルニア大学リバーサイド校のレビューによると、全固体電池は液体電解質を固体に置き換えることで発火リスクを低減し、安全性と性能が大幅に向上。急速充電では従来の30〜45分から最短3分への短縮も可能。硫化物系電解質は高い導電性を持ち、リチウム金属アノードと組み合わせることでエネルギー密度と寿命が向上。中性子やX線イメージングで内部挙動の解析も進行中。EVや宇宙探査などへの応用が期待されている。

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固体リチウム電池の包括的レビュー: 高速充電特性と動作中診断 A comprehensive review of solid-state lithium batteries: Fast Charging characteristics and in-operando diagnostics

Ruoxu Shang, Talyah Nelson, Thanh Vy Nguyen, Charlotte Nelson, Harsha Antony, Brian Abaoag, Mihrimah Ozkan, Cengiz S. Ozkan
Nano Energy  Available online: 10 June 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.111232

Graphical Abstract

全固体電池の高速充電・長寿命化技術を開発(Solid-state batteries charge faster, last longer)

Highlights

  • Comprehensive review of solid-state batteries beyond lithium-ion technology.
  • Examines performance, energy density, and fast-charging potential of SSBs.
  • Highlights in-operando techniques for real-time SSB performance monitoring.
  • Compares SSBs with lithium-ion batteries, addressing key advantages and challenges.
  • Discusses future materials, engineering strategies, and commercialization pathways.

Abstract

This comprehensive review article delves into the evolving landscape of solid-state batteries (SSBs), presenting a critical evaluation beyond the conventional lithium-ion technology. It meticulously explores the performance analysis, fast-charging capabilities, and in-operando characterization of SSBs. Amid growing demands for safer, higher energy density, and more sustainable energy storage solutions, SSBs emerge as a compelling alternative, promising to revolutionize applications from portable electronics to electric vehicles. This review begins with a detailed examination of the fundamental principles underpinning SSBs, including their unique architecture and the roles of solid electrolytes in enhancing safety and energy density. It then shifts focus to the pivotal aspect of fast charging – a critical parameter for consumer acceptance and market penetration of electric vehicles. The analysis extends to the intricacies of in-operando characterization techniques, which are essential for understanding the dynamic processes within SSBs during operation, thus offering insights into optimizing performance and longevity. By juxtaposing SSBs with conventional lithium-ion batteries, the review highlights the technological strides and hurdles ahead. Furthermore, it discusses the latest advancements in materials science, engineering strategies, and characterization methods that potentially address the current limitations of SSBs. Conclusively, this review not only underscores the significant progress in SSB technology but also outlines the roadmap and future directions for researchers and industry stakeholders aiming to harness the full potential of SSBs in next-generation energy storage systems.

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