水廃棄物を肥料に変える新型ハイドロゲル(New hydrogel treatments turn water waste into fertilizer)

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2025-06-11 ワシントン大学セントルイス校

ワシントン大学セントルイス校の研究チームは、廃水中のアンモニウムとリン酸塩を効率的に回収し、肥料やバイオ資源として再利用可能にする「ミネラル-ハイドロゲル複合体」を開発しました。ナノサイズの結晶種を含むハイドロゲルが、廃水中の成分を取り込みながら構造内で成長させ、最大でアンモニウム60%、リン酸塩91%の除去に成功。赤潮防止と資源循環の両立が期待され、現在は200L規模のスケールアップと実用化に向けた取り組みが進行中です。

<関連情報>

アンモニアとリン酸塩を同時に除去する新しいストルバイト-ハイドロゲル複合体の分子的洞察 Molecular Insights into Novel Struvite–Hydrogel Composites for Simultaneous Ammonia and Phosphate Removal

Minkyoung Jung,Ying Wang,Jan Ilavsky,Yinjie J. Tang,and Young-Shin Jun
Environmental Science & Technology  Published: May 29, 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c11700

Abstract

水廃棄物を肥料に変える新型ハイドロゲル(New hydrogel treatments turn water waste into fertilizer)

Struvite (NH4MgPO4·6H2O) mineralization is an effective technique for removing ammonium and phosphate species from wastewater. However, its wider use faces obstacles because of the copresence of various pollutants in wastewater and the additional requirement for magnesium to achieve proper supersaturation conditions. To address these challenges, this study developed novel mineral–hydrogel composites that can remove ammonium and phosphate simultaneously via heterogeneous struvite and calcium phosphate (CaP) mineralization in hydrogel matrices. The composites include in situ formed struvite and CaP mineral seeds, decreasing the nucleation energy barrier of struvite and CaP formation and promoting their heterogeneous nucleation kinetics even under undersaturation conditions in bulk solution. The dual struvite and CaP seeded composites can simultaneously reduce the ammonium and total phosphate concentrations up to 60% (26.3 mg of N/g) and 91% (9.54 mg of P/g), respectively. The average particle sizes in composites were increased from 6.12 to 14.8 nm after wastewater treatment. Moreover, various ions commonly existing in wastewater did not significantly interfere with the removal of ammonium and phosphate. Thus, these new mineral–hydrogel composites can provide an innovative way to lower nutrient levels before discharge to streams. Moreover, encapsulating ammonium and phosphate in mineral-hydrogel composites enables their upcycling in agricultural or biorefinery applications.

1102水質管理
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